Anatomy Week 2 Flashcards
What is the anatomical position?
The standard reference position of the body from which all anatomical descriptions are derived. It is the position in which the individual is standing upright with a) their head, eyes, and toes pointing anteriorly, b) their arms held to the sides with elbows extended and palms facing anteriorly, and c) their lower limbs held close together with their feet parallel.
Anterior (ventral)
Nearer to the Front
Posterior (dorsal)
Nearer to the Back
Superior (cranial)
Nearer to the Head
Rostral
Towards the nasal region
Inferior (caudal))
Nearer to the feet
Medial
Nearer to the Medial Plane
Lateral
Farther from the Medial Plane
Proximal
Nearer to the trunk or point of origin
Distal
Farther from the trunk or point of origin
Superficial
Nearer to the surface
Intermediate
Between a superficial and a deep structure
Deep
Farther from surface
Dorsal surface (hand)
Dorsum
Palmar Surface
Palm
Dorsal surface (foot)
Dorsum
Plantar surface
Sole
Know about Flexion
Know about it
Know about Extension
Know about it
Know about the opposition and reposition of thumb and pinky
Know about it
Supination and Pronation
Know about it
Lateral abduction
Know about it
Medial abduction
Know about it
Abduction and Adduction
Know about it
Extension and Flexion of thumb
Know about it
Circumduction
Know about it
Eversion and Inversion of feet
Know about it
Elevation and Depression of shoulders
Know about it
Protrusion and Retrusion of jaw
Know about it
Protraction and retraction of scapula o thoracic wall
Know about it
Femur
Thigh Bone
Tibia
The medial one of the 2 bones in the leg
Ulna
The medial one of the 2 bones in the forearm
Humerus
The arm bone
Radius
The lateral bone of the 2 bones in the forearm
Fibula
The lateral one of the 2 bones in the leg
The Pelvis
Formed posteriorly by several bones, the sacrum and coccyx, and laterally and anteriorly by a pair of hip bone. Each hip bone consists of 3 sections, ileum, ischum and pubis
Scapula
The shoulder blade
Mandible
The lower jaw
Cranium
The part of the skull that encloses the brain
Tubercle
Latin tuber. A small rounded
projection or protuberance on bone
Epicondyle
Greek epi, upon; kondylos, knob. A
small bony outgrowth upon a condyle
Tuberosity
Latin tuber. Two meanings: a bony
lump that is usually large and rough, or
a roughening on bone providing
muscle attachment.
Trochanter
A large rounded bony projection
found exclusively at the proximal
(upper) end of the femur.
Line
Latin linea. A linear bony marking
Spine
Latin spina = a thorn. A sharp or
pointed bony projection
Crest
The most superior projection, or
ridge, on a bone
Process
Latin process = going forwards, used to
indicate growing out. A natural
appendage or outgrowth on a bone.
Condyle
Greek kondylos = knuckle, knob. A knob-like bony process usually having an articular (joint) surface on it.
Facet
Latin facies = face. A small smooth
bony surface, either coated with
articular cartilage or the site of
attachment of a tendon
Sulcus
Latin sulcus = a groove. A groove or
furrow on bone, usually for the
transmission of a tendon, nerve or
blood vessel.
Notch
An indentation or incision on an edge,
margin or surface of a bone.
Fissure
Latin = a cleft. A long cleft or crack in
a bone, usually for the passage of
blood vessels
Foramen
Latin foramen = an aperture, a hole. A
hole in a bone, usually for the passage
of blood vessels or nerves.
Meatus
Latin meatus = a passage. Usually
describes the opening to a canal.
Suture
A type of joint between the bones of the skull where the bones are held tightly together by fibrous tissue
