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EMT > Anatomy Vocab > Flashcards

Anatomy Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

What is anatomy?

A

The study of the body structure.

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2
Q

What is physiology?

A

The study of body function.

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3
Q

anatomical position

A

the standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. In this position the body is erect, facing the observer, with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands forward.

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4
Q

plane

A

a flat surface fomed when slicing through a solid object.

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5
Q

midline

A

an imaginery line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it into right and left halves.

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6
Q

medial

A

toward the midline of the body.

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7
Q

lateral

A

to the side, away from the midline of the body.

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8
Q

bilateral

A

both sides of the body.

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9
Q

mid-axillary line

A

a line drawn vertically from the armpit to the ankle.

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10
Q

anterior

A

the front of the body or body part.

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11
Q

posterior

A

the back of the body or part of the body.

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12
Q

ventral

A

reffering to the front of the body. A synonym for anterior.

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13
Q

dorsal

A

refering to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. a synonym for posterior.

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14
Q

superior

A

toward the head

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15
Q

inferior

A

away from the head; usually compared with another structure that is closer to the head

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16
Q

proximal

A

closer to the torso

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17
Q

distal

A

farther away from the torso

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18
Q

palmar

A

referring to the palm of the hand

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19
Q

plantar

A

referring to the sole of the foot.

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20
Q

mid- clavicular

A

the line through the center of each clivicle

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21
Q

abdominal quadrants

A

four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury: the RUQ (right upper quadrant), LUQ (left upper quadrant), RLQ (right lower quadrant) and LLQ (left lower quadrant)

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22
Q

supine

A

lying on the back

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23
Q

prone

A

lying face down

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24
Q

recovery position

A

lying on the side. Also called the lateral recumbant position.

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25
Q

Fowler’s position

A

a sitting position at 45 to 60 degree angle

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26
Q

Trendelberg postion

A

a position in which the patient’s feet and legs are higher than the head.

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27
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

the wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynax and forms the Adam’s apple.

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28
Q

musuloskeletal system

A

the sytem of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement.

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29
Q

skeleton

A

the bones of the body

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30
Q

muscle

A

tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part.

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31
Q

ligament

A

tissue that connects bone to bone.

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32
Q

tendon

A

tissue that connects muscle to bone.

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33
Q

skull

A

the bony structure of the head.

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34
Q

cranium

A

the top, back, and sides of the head.

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35
Q

mandible

A

the lower jaw bone.

36
Q

maxillae

A

the two fused bones forming the upper jaw.

37
Q

nasal bones

A

the nose bones

38
Q

orbits

A

the bony structures around the eyes; the eye sockets.

39
Q

zygomatic arches

A

bones that form the structure of the cheeks.

40
Q

vertebrae

A

the 33 bones of the spinal column.

41
Q

thorax

A

the chest

42
Q

sternum

A

the breastbone

43
Q

manubrium

A

the superior portion of the sternum.

44
Q

xiphiod process

A

the inferior portion of the sternum.

45
Q

pelvis

A

the basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities.

46
Q

ilium

A

the superior and widest portion of the pelvis.

47
Q

ischium

A

the lower, posterior portions of the pelvis.

48
Q

pubis

A

the medial anterior portion of the pelvis.

49
Q

acetabulum

A

the pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint.

50
Q

femur

A

the large bone of the thigh.

51
Q

patella

A

the kneecap.

52
Q

tibia

A

the medial and larger bone of the lower leg.

53
Q

fibula

A

the lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg.

54
Q

malleolus

A

protrusion on the side of the ankle. The lateral malleolus at the lower end of the fibula, is seen on the outer ankle; the medial malleolus, at the lower end of the tibia is seen on the inner ankle.

55
Q

tarsals

A

the ankle bones.

56
Q

metatarsals

A

the foot bones.

57
Q

calcaneus

A

the heel bone.

58
Q

phalanges

A

the toes and the finger bones.

59
Q

clavicle

A

the collarbone

60
Q

scapula

A

the shoulder blade.

61
Q

acromion process

A

the highest portion of the shoulder.

62
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A

the joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet.

63
Q

humerus

A

the bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and the elbow.

64
Q

radius

A

the lateral bone of the forearm.

65
Q

ulna

A

the medial bone of the forearm.

66
Q

carpals

A

the wrist bones.

67
Q

metacarpals

A

the hand bones.

68
Q

joint

A

the point where two bones come together.

69
Q

voluntary muscle

A

muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled.

70
Q

cardiac muscle

A

specialized involuntary muscles found only in the heart.

71
Q

automaticity

A

the ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own.

72
Q

respiratory system

A

the system of the nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide.

73
Q

oropharynx

A

the area directly posterior to the mouth.

74
Q

nasopharynx

A

the area directly posterior to the nose.

75
Q

pharynx

A

the area directly posterior to the mouth and nose. It is made up of the oropharynx and nasopharynx.

76
Q

epiglottis

A

a leaf shaped structure the prevents food and foriegn matter from entering the trachea.

77
Q

larynx

A

the voice box.

78
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

the ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx.

79
Q

trachea

A

the “windpipe”; structure that connects the pharnyx to the lungs.

80
Q

lungs

A

the organs where the exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide take place.

81
Q

bronchi

A

the two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs. There are right and left bronchi. Singular - bronchus.

82
Q

alveoli

A

the microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place.

83
Q

diaphragm

A

the muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. a major muscle of respiration.

84
Q

inhalation

A

an active process in which the intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm contract, expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing air to flow into the lungs.

85
Q

exhalation

A

a passive process in which the intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and air to flow out of the lungs.

86
Q

ventilation

A

the process of moving gases(oxygen and carbon dioxide) between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of blood.

EMT (2 decks)

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