:Anatomy: Upper extremities

Question 1

What are the 7 synovial joints based in shape?

Answer 1

Plane
Hinge/Ginglymus
Pivot/Trochoid
Condyloid
Ellipsoidal
Saddle
Ball and socket/Enarthrosis

Question 2

Give the two plane synovial joints.

Answer 2

Sternoclavicular and acromyoclavicular joints

Question 3

Elbow, knee and ankle joints are under what type of synovial joints?

Answer 3

Hinge/Ginglymus

Question 4

What are the two pivot or trochoid joints?

Answer 4

Atlantoaxial and Radioulnar joints

Question 5

Condyloid: MCPs or knuckles
Saddle: _______.

Answer 5

Carpometacarpal of the thumb

Question 6

Wrist belongs to what type of synovial joint based on shape?

Answer 6

Ellipsoidal

Question 7

Ball and socket joint is otherwise known as

Answer 7

Enarthrosis

Question 8

The apex of axilla existing as pyramidal in shape is bounded by how many bones?

Answer 8

Three: clavicle anteriorly, scapula posteriorly, and 1st rib medially.

Question 9

Anterior/Pectoral boundary of the axilla

Answer 9

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius

Question 10

Posterio/Scapular boundary of the axilla

Answer 10

Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Subscapularis

Question 11

Medial/costal boundary of the axilla

Answer 11

2nd to 6th rib and intercostal muscles

Serratus anterior muscle

Question 12

Lateral/humeral boundary of the axilla

Answer 12

Humerus
Coracobrachialis
Long and short head of the biceps brachii

Question 13

Lateral prolongation of the prevertebral fascia and extends up to the elbow.

Answer 13

Axillary fascia

Question 14

Rotator cuff muscles

Answer 14

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

Question 15

Intrinsic muscles of the shoulder

Answer 15

The rotator cuff muscles plus Teres major and deltoid muscles.

Question 16

Patient reports pain anterior and superior to the shoulder joint during abduction. Which tendon is most commonly affected?

Answer 16

Case: Inflammation of the rotator cuff
Answer: Tendon of supraspinatus muscle

Question 17

Contents of the dorsal scapular quadrangular space

Answer 17

Axillary nerve(circumflex nerve)
Posterior circumflex humeral vessels

Question 18

Circumflex scapular vessels is bounded by a triangular space bounded by:

Answer 18

Above Teres major
Below: Teres minor
Lateral: Long head of the triceps brachii

Question 19

Boundaries of the dorsal scapular quadrangular space

Answer 19

Above: Teres minor
Below: Teres major
Medial: Long head of the triceps brachii
Lateral: surgical neck of Humerus

Question 20

True or False: Muscles of the arm
Anterior: flexor: musculocutaneous n.
Posterior: extensors: radial n.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Main flexor of the forearm

Answer 21

Brachialis

Question 22

Main extensor of the arm

Answer 22

Triceps brachii

Question 23

Main supinator of the arm

Answer 23

Biceps brachii

Question 24

Contents of the dorsal scapular quadrangular space

Answer 24

Axillary nerve(circumflex nerve)
Posterior circumflex humeral vessels

Question 25

Circumflex scapular vessels is bounded by a triangular space bounded by:

Answer 25

Above Teres major Below: Teres minor Lateral: Long head of the triceps brachii

Question 26

Boundaries of the dorsal scapular quadrangular space

Answer 26

Above: Teres minor Below: Teres major Medial: Long head of the triceps brachii Lateral: surgical neck of Humerus

Question 27

True or False: Muscles of the arm Anterior: flexor: musculocutaneous n. Posterior: extensors: radial n.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Main flexor of the forearm

Answer 28

Brachialis

Question 29

Main extensor of the arm

Answer 29

Triceps brachii

Question 30

Main supinator of the arm

Answer 30

Biceps brachii

Question 31

All flexors of the forearm are innervated by median nerve except;

Answer 31

Flexor carpi ulnaris and medial portion of the Flexor digitorum profundus

Question 32

Results from repetitive flexion and pronation of the forearms at the elbow.

Answer 32

Golfer’s elbow or medial epicondylitis

Question 33

Results from forced extension and flexion of the forearm at the elbow.

Answer 33

Tennis elbow or lateral epicondylitis

Question 34

Inability to supinate the forearm could result from injury to which of the pairs of nerves?

Answer 34

Musculocutaneous and Radial nerves

Question 35

Arrange the contest of the cubital fossa from medial to lateral

Answer 35

Median nerve Brachial artery Biceps brachii tendon Radial nerve

Question 36

Boundaries of the cubital fossa

Answer 36

Lateral: Brachioradialis Medial: Pronator teres Upper: horizontal line connecting the epicondyles of the humerus Floor: Brachialis and Supinator

Question 37

Give the A-F-O three thenar muscles

Answer 37

Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicus brevis Opponens pollicis

Question 38

Intrinsic muscles of the hand innervated by the ulnar nerve.

Answer 38

``` PAD-DAB Palmar interossei (3): Adduct fingers Dorsal interossei (4): Abduct fingers Medial lumbricales (2) : Flex MCP joints ```

Question 39

The intrinsic muscle of the hand innervated by radial nerve.

Answer 39

Extensor digitorum

Question 40

The two lateral lumbricales are innervated by what nerve?

Answer 40

Median nerve