Anatomy unit 3 vocabulary Flashcards
Cell Membrane
The selectively permeable outer boundary of a cell consisting of a phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins.
Nucleus
Cellular organelle enclosed by double layer porous membrane and containing DNA.
Organelles
A structure in a cell that has specialized functions.
Selective Permeability
Membrane that allows some types of molecules through but not others: Semipermeable.
Cytoskeleton
A cells framework of protein filaments and tubules.
Endoplasmic Recticulum
Organelle composed of a network of connected membranous tubules and vesicles.
Ribosome
Organelle composed of RNA and protein that is structural support for protein synthesis.
Golgi Aparatus
Organelle that prepares and modifies cellular products for secretion.
Mitochondria
Organelle housing enzymes that catalyze the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration.
Cilia
Microscopic hair like processes on the exposed surface of certain epithelial cells.
Flagella
Relatively long, motile process that extends from the surface of a sperm cell.
Vesicles
Membranous cytoplasmic sac formed by an infolding of the cell membrane or pinching off of membranes within the cell.
Nucleolus
Small structure in the cells nucleus that contains RNA and proteins.
Diffusion
Random movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Osmosis
Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane toward a concentration of an impermeant solute.
Isotonic
Solution with the same osmotic pressure as the solution ( usually body fluids) to which it is compared.
Hypertonic
Solution with a greater osmotic pressure that the solution (usually a body fluid) to which it is compared
Hypotonic
Solution with a lower osmotic pressure than the solution ( usually a body fluid) to which it is compared.
Active Transport
Process that requires energy and a carrier molecule to move a substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient.
Passive Transport
Processes that do not require energy to move a substance across a cell membrane.
Endocytosis
Process by which a cells membrane envelops a substance and draws it into the cell in a vesicle.
Exocytosis
Transport of a substance out of a cell in membrane bound vesicle.
