Anatomy unit 3 vocabulary

Question 1

Cell Membrane

Answer 1

The selectively permeable outer boundary of a cell consisting of a phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Cellular organelle enclosed by double layer porous membrane and containing DNA.

Question 3

Organelles

Answer 3

A structure in a cell that has specialized functions.

Question 4

Selective Permeability

Answer 4

Membrane that allows some types of molecules through but not others: Semipermeable.

Question 5

Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

A cells framework of protein filaments and tubules.

Question 6

Endoplasmic Recticulum

Answer 6

Organelle composed of a network of connected membranous tubules and vesicles.

Question 7

Ribosome

Answer 7

Organelle composed of RNA and protein that is structural support for protein synthesis.

Question 8

Golgi Aparatus

Answer 8

Organelle that prepares and modifies cellular products for secretion.

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

Organelle housing enzymes that catalyze the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration.

Question 10

Cilia

Answer 10

Microscopic hair like processes on the exposed surface of certain epithelial cells.

Question 11

Flagella

Answer 11

Relatively long, motile process that extends from the surface of a sperm cell.

Question 12

Vesicles

Answer 12

Membranous cytoplasmic sac formed by an infolding of the cell membrane or pinching off of membranes within the cell.

Question 13

Nucleolus

Answer 13

Small structure in the cells nucleus that contains RNA and proteins.

Question 14

Diffusion

Answer 14

Random movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Question 15

Osmosis

Answer 15

Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane toward a concentration of an impermeant solute.

Question 16

Isotonic

Answer 16

Solution with the same osmotic pressure as the solution ( usually body fluids) to which it is compared.

Question 17

Hypertonic

Answer 17

Solution with a greater osmotic pressure that the solution (usually a body fluid) to which it is compared

Question 18

Hypotonic

Answer 18

Solution with a lower osmotic pressure than the solution ( usually a body fluid) to which it is compared.

Question 19

Active Transport

Answer 19

Process that requires energy and a carrier molecule to move a substance across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient.

Question 20

Passive Transport

Answer 20

Processes that do not require energy to move a substance across a cell membrane.

Question 21

Endocytosis

Answer 21

Process by which a cells membrane envelops a substance and draws it into the cell in a vesicle.

Question 22

Exocytosis

Answer 22

Transport of a substance out of a cell in membrane bound vesicle.