Anatomy Unit 2

Question 1

List the special properties of epithelial tissue

Answer 1

Avascular, reproduce rapidly, and packed together tightly

Question 1

List the functions of epithelial tissue

Answer 1

Protection, absorption, filtration, and secretion

Question 2

What is epithelial tissue?

Answer 2

The lining, covering, and glandular tissue of the body

Question 3

What does connective tissue do?

Answer 3

Connects body parts

Question 4

What is the most abundant and widely distributed tissue?

Answer 4

Connective Tissue

Question 5

List the functions of connective tissue

Answer 5

Protecting, supporting, and binding together other tissues

Question 6

Is cartilage (tendons and ligaments) vascular or avascular?

Answer 6

Avascular

Question 7

Is most connective tissue vascular or avascular?

Answer 7

Vascular

Question 8

What is the extracellular matrix?

Answer 8

Non living substances outside of cells (water + proteins)

Question 9

How is the extracellular matrix produced?

Answer 9

Produced by connective tissue and secreted to exterior

Question 10

How does muscle tissue produce movement?

Answer 10

Contracts and shortens

Question 11

What kind of cell is nervous tissue made of?

Answer 11

Neurons

Question 12

What is the function of neuroglia?

Answer 12

Insulate and protect neurons

Question 13

Why is the cytoplasm drawn out in extensions?

Answer 13

Allow neurons to conduct impulses across long distances

Question 14

What does simple mean in epithelial tissue names?

Answer 14

Single layer

Question 15

Where is simple squamous epithelium found?

Answer 15

In air sacs of lungs

Question 16

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium tissue?

Answer 16

Gas exchange

Question 17

Which tissue type forms rings?

Answer 17

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 18

What does simple cuboidal epithelium form?

Answer 18

Walls of kidney tubules

Question 19

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium commonly found?

Answer 19

Glands and ducts

Question 20

What are goblet cells?

Answer 20

Modified epithelial cells that secrete mucus on the surface of mucous membranes of organs, especially those of the lower digestive tract and airways

Question 21

Which tissue lines the digestive tract?

Answer 21

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 22

What lines body cavities that open to exterior?

Answer 22

Mucous membranes

Question 23

Why does psueostratified columnar epithelium tissue look stratified?

Answer 23

The tissue varies in height

Question 24

List the functions of pseudostratified columnar epithelium tissue

Answer 24

Secretion and absorption

Question 25

What lines the respiratory tract?

Answer 25

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 26

What tissue types can goblet cells be found on?

Answer 26

Psuedostratified Columnar Epithelium and Simple Columnar epithelium

Question 27

What is the most common stratified epithelium?

Answer 27

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 28

Where is stratified squamous epithelium tissue found?

Answer 28

Areas that receive friction, like esophagus, mouth, and skin

Question 29

What tissue type is rare and typically just has two cell layers

Answer 29

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Question 30

Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium tissue found?

Answer 30

Sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands

Question 31

Which tissue type is rare and often with a cuboidal base?

Answer 31

Stratified columnar epithelium tissue

Question 32

Where is stratified columnar epithelium tissue found?

Answer 32

Conjunctiva of eye, salivary glands, and male urethra

Question 33

What is transitional epithelium?

Answer 33

Rare, highly modified stratified squamous epithelium

Question 34

What forms the lining of the urinary bladder?

Answer 34

Transitional Epithelium

Question 35

What happens when organs with transitional epithelium tissue are stretched?

Answer 35

The cells flatten and become squamous like

Question 36

What does "squamous" indicate about a tissue?

Answer 36

The cells are flattened like fish scales

Question 37

What does "cuboidal" indicate about a tissue?

Answer 37

The cells are cube-shaped like dice

Question 38

What does "columnar" indicate about a tissue?

Answer 38

The cells are shaped like columns

Question 39

Bone tissue is composed of bone cells in cavities called what?

Answer 39

Lacunae

Question 40

Bone cells are surrounded by a hard matrix of what?

Answer 40

Calcium salts and collagen fibers

Question 41

What is the function of bone tissue?

Answer 41

To protect and support body organs

Question 42

What is chondrocyte?

Answer 42

Mature cartilage cell

Question 43

What type of cartilage has a glassy appearance?

Answer 43

Hyaline cartilage

Question 44

What is a fetus skeleton made of?

Answer 44

Hyaline cartilage

Question 45

What is the most widespread cartilage?

Answer 45

Hyaline Cartilage

Question 46

Function of Hyaline Cartilage:

Answer 46

Forms larynx, connects ribs to sternum, covers bones to form joints

Question 47

Function of fibrocartilage

Answer 47

Forms disks between vertebrae

Question 48

Function of elastic cartilage

Answer 48

Supports external ear

Question 49

Where is elastic cartilage found?

Answer 49

Structure with elasticity

Question 50

Are ligaments or tendons more stretchy?

Answer 50

Ligaments

Question 51

Connect skeletal muscles to bones

Answer 51

Tendons

Question 52

Ligaments

Answer 52

Connect bones to bones at joints

Question 53

Function of areolar (cobweb like) tissue

Answer 53

Cushions and protects body organs it wraps, provides reservoir of water and salts for surrounding tissue

Question 54

Which tissue is commonly called fat?

Answer 54

Adipose tissue

Question 55

Function of adipose tissue

Answer 55

Insulates body and protectts from extreme temperatures; cushions some organs;

Question 56

Why is the nucleus displaced in adipose tissue?

Answer 56

Oil occupies most of a fat cell's volume and compresses the nucleus, displacing it to one side

Question 57

What type of tissue is blood?

Answer 57

Connective tissue

Question 58

What tissue is a transport vehicle for cardiovascular system?

Answer 58

Blood

Question 59

What is skeletal muscle tissue?

Answer 59

Skeletal muscle organs connected to the skeleton

Question 60

Describe skeletal muscle cells

Answer 60

long, cylindrical, multinucleate, and have obvious striations

Question 61

Describe cardiac muscle cells

Answer 61

Uninucleate, short, branching with striations and fit tightly together at intercalated disks

Question 62

Where is smooth muscle found?

Answer 62

Walls of hollow organs (stomach, uterus, blood vessels, etc)

Question 63

What do smooth muscle contractions lead to?

Answer 63

Organ constricting or dilating so substances are propelled

Question 64

Describe smooth muscle tissue

Answer 64

No striations, uninucleate, pointed ends (spindle shaped)