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Economics > Anatomy Unit 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

List the special properties of epithelial tissue

A

Avascular, reproduce rapidly, and packed together tightly

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1
Q

List the functions of epithelial tissue

A

Protection, absorption, filtration, and secretion

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2
Q

What is epithelial tissue?

A

The lining, covering, and glandular tissue of the body

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3
Q

What does connective tissue do?

A

Connects body parts

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4
Q

What is the most abundant and widely distributed tissue?

A

Connective Tissue

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5
Q

List the functions of connective tissue

A

Protecting, supporting, and binding together other tissues

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6
Q

Is cartilage (tendons and ligaments) vascular or avascular?

A

Avascular

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7
Q

Is most connective tissue vascular or avascular?

A

Vascular

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8
Q

What is the extracellular matrix?

A

Non living substances outside of cells (water + proteins)

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9
Q

How is the extracellular matrix produced?

A

Produced by connective tissue and secreted to exterior

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10
Q

How does muscle tissue produce movement?

A

Contracts and shortens

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11
Q

What kind of cell is nervous tissue made of?

A

Neurons

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12
Q

What is the function of neuroglia?

A

Insulate and protect neurons

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13
Q

Why is the cytoplasm drawn out in extensions?

A

Allow neurons to conduct impulses across long distances

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14
Q

What does simple mean in epithelial tissue names?

A

Single layer

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15
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelium found?

A

In air sacs of lungs

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16
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium tissue?

A

Gas exchange

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17
Q

Which tissue type forms rings?

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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18
Q

What does simple cuboidal epithelium form?

A

Walls of kidney tubules

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19
Q

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium commonly found?

A

Glands and ducts

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20
Q

What are goblet cells?

A

Modified epithelial cells that secrete mucus on the surface of mucous membranes of organs, especially those of the lower digestive tract and airways

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21
Q

Which tissue lines the digestive tract?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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22
Q

What lines body cavities that open to exterior?

A

Mucous membranes

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23
Q

Why does psueostratified columnar epithelium tissue look stratified?

A

The tissue varies in height

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24
Q

List the functions of pseudostratified columnar epithelium tissue

A

Secretion and absorption

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25
Q

What lines the respiratory tract?

A

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

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26
Q

What tissue types can goblet cells be found on?

A

Psuedostratified Columnar Epithelium and Simple Columnar epithelium

27
Q

What is the most common stratified epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

28
Q

Where is stratified squamous epithelium tissue found?

A

Areas that receive friction, like esophagus, mouth, and skin

29
Q

What tissue type is rare and typically just has two cell layers

A

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

30
Q

Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium tissue found?

A

Sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands

31
Q

Which tissue type is rare and often with a cuboidal base?

A

Stratified columnar epithelium tissue

32
Q

Where is stratified columnar epithelium tissue found?

A

Conjunctiva of eye, salivary glands, and male urethra

33
Q

What is transitional epithelium?

A

Rare, highly modified stratified squamous epithelium

34
Q

What forms the lining of the urinary bladder?

A

Transitional Epithelium

35
Q

What happens when organs with transitional epithelium tissue are stretched?

A

The cells flatten and become squamous like

36
Q

What does “squamous” indicate about a tissue?

A

The cells are flattened like fish scales

37
Q

What does “cuboidal” indicate about a tissue?

A

The cells are cube-shaped like dice

38
Q

What does “columnar” indicate about a tissue?

A

The cells are shaped like columns

39
Q

Bone tissue is composed of bone cells in cavities called what?

A

Lacunae

40
Q

Bone cells are surrounded by a hard matrix of what?

A

Calcium salts and collagen fibers

41
Q

What is the function of bone tissue?

A

To protect and support body organs

42
Q

What is chondrocyte?

A

Mature cartilage cell

43
Q

What type of cartilage has a glassy appearance?

A

Hyaline cartilage

44
Q

What is a fetus skeleton made of?

A

Hyaline cartilage

45
Q

What is the most widespread cartilage?

A

Hyaline Cartilage

46
Q

Function of Hyaline Cartilage:

A

Forms larynx, connects ribs to sternum, covers bones to form joints

47
Q

Function of fibrocartilage

A

Forms disks between vertebrae

48
Q

Function of elastic cartilage

A

Supports external ear

49
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found?

A

Structure with elasticity

50
Q

Are ligaments or tendons more stretchy?

A

Ligaments

51
Q

Connect skeletal muscles to bones

A

Tendons

52
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bones to bones at joints

53
Q

Function of areolar (cobweb like) tissue

A

Cushions and protects body organs it wraps, provides reservoir of water and salts for surrounding tissue

54
Q

Which tissue is commonly called fat?

A

Adipose tissue

55
Q

Function of adipose tissue

A

Insulates body and protectts from extreme temperatures; cushions some organs;

56
Q

Why is the nucleus displaced in adipose tissue?

A

Oil occupies most of a fat cell’s volume and compresses the nucleus, displacing it to one side

57
Q

What type of tissue is blood?

A

Connective tissue

58
Q

What tissue is a transport vehicle for cardiovascular system?

A

Blood

59
Q

What is skeletal muscle tissue?

A

Skeletal muscle organs connected to the skeleton

60
Q

Describe skeletal muscle cells

A

long, cylindrical, multinucleate, and have obvious striations

61
Q

Describe cardiac muscle cells

A

Uninucleate, short, branching with striations and fit tightly together at intercalated disks

62
Q

Where is smooth muscle found?

A

Walls of hollow organs (stomach, uterus, blood vessels, etc)

63
Q

What do smooth muscle contractions lead to?

A

Organ constricting or dilating so substances are propelled

64
Q

Describe smooth muscle tissue

A

No striations, uninucleate, pointed ends (spindle shaped)

Economics (3 decks)

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