Anatomy-Spine Flashcards
What are the 5 sections of the spine and how many vertebrae in each section
C-12 T-12 L-5 S-5 C-4
Why are C1 and C2 vertebrae atypical (they allow head rotation)?
C1 does not have a body
C2- has the dens
Why is c7 unusual?
small foramina transversa
long spinous process non bifid
Which are the only vertebrae which don’t have a disc between them?
C1 AND C2
What type of joints are at intervertebral discs?
Secondary cartilaginous joints
Anatomy of intervetebral disc
outside-annuus fibrosus
inside-Nucleus pulposus
What are facet joints?
Synovial joints
What happens to the water content with age?
It loses water content
in spondylosis pain worsens with spine extension T/F
T
At which level is degeneration most common?
L4/5
L5/S1
Acute disc prolapse naturally ends to settle after around…..
3 months
Where do the motor neurones originate?
Anteriorly- bodies in anterior grey horn
What is below the spinal cord ( ends at L1) ?
Cauda equina
With disc prolapse is traversing/exiting nerve root most often compressed?
Traversing
Nerve roots compressed by osteophytes and hypertrophied ligaments in OA
Spinal stenosis
In spinal stenosis it is much more comfortable to walk downhill than uphill T/F
F- much more comfortable walking uphill
–> pain on walking due to spinal cord compression
If compress of cauda equina make sure to
check for bladder and bowel problems
What are the muscles of the spine
Iliocostalis
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis
What is the purpose of ligaments in the spine?
Contribute to stability
Chance fracture- common in RTA
also referred as seatbelt fractures, are flexion-distraction type injuries of the spine that extend to involve all three spinal columns. These are unstable injuries and have a high association with intra-abdominal injuries.
Where would you perform a lumbar puncture
Posterior iliac crest l4
?
Where is surgery good?
in sciatica/ leg pain which doesn’t settle within 3 months conservative management
