Anatomy-Spine

Question 1

What are the 5 sections of the spine and how many vertebrae in each section

Answer 1

C-12
T-12
L-5
S-5
C-4

Question 2

Why are C1 and C2 vertebrae atypical (they allow head rotation)?

Answer 2

C1 does not have a body

C2- has the dens

Question 3

Why is c7 unusual?

Answer 3

small foramina transversa

long spinous process non bifid

Question 4

Which are the only vertebrae which don’t have a disc between them?

Answer 4

C1 AND C2

Question 5

What type of joints are at intervertebral discs?

Answer 5

Secondary cartilaginous joints

Question 6

Anatomy of intervetebral disc

Answer 6

outside-annuus fibrosus

inside-Nucleus pulposus

Question 7

What are facet joints?

Answer 7

Synovial joints

Question 8

What happens to the water content with age?

Answer 8

It loses water content

Question 9

in spondylosis pain worsens with spine extension T/F

Answer 9

T

Question 10

At which level is degeneration most common?

Answer 10

L4/5

L5/S1

Question 11

Acute disc prolapse naturally ends to settle after around…..

Answer 11

3 months

Question 12

Where do the motor neurones originate?

Answer 12

Anteriorly- bodies in anterior grey horn

Question 13

What is below the spinal cord ( ends at L1) ?

Answer 13

Cauda equina

Question 14

With disc prolapse is traversing/exiting nerve root most often compressed?

Answer 14

Traversing

Question 15

Nerve roots compressed by osteophytes and hypertrophied ligaments in OA

Answer 15

Spinal stenosis

Question 16

In spinal stenosis it is much more comfortable to walk downhill than uphill T/F

Answer 16

F- much more comfortable walking uphill

–> pain on walking due to spinal cord compression

Question 17

If compress of cauda equina make sure to

Answer 17

check for bladder and bowel problems

Question 18

What are the muscles of the spine

Answer 18

Iliocostalis
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis

Question 19

What is the purpose of ligaments in the spine?

Answer 19

Contribute to stability

Question 20

Chance fracture- common in RTA

Answer 20

also referred as seatbelt fractures, are flexion-distraction type injuries of the spine that extend to involve all three spinal columns. These are unstable injuries and have a high association with intra-abdominal injuries.

Question 21

Where would you perform a lumbar puncture

Answer 21

Posterior iliac crest l4

?

Question 22

Where is surgery good?

Answer 22

in sciatica/ leg pain which doesn’t settle within 3 months conservative management