Anatomy Review Flashcards
What are the 4 quadrants of abdomen
- RUQ
- RLQ
- LUQ
- LLQ
What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?
- R hypochondriac region
- epigastric
- L hypochondriac region
- R lumbar region
- umbilical region
- L lumber region
- R iliac (inguinal) region
- Hypogastric (pubic) region
- L iliac (inguinal) region
What is in R hypochondriac region?
Ascending colon Gall bladder liver R kidney Small intestine Transverse colon
What is in Epigastric region?
Esophagus liver pancreas R&L adrenal glands R&L kidneys small intestines spleen stomach transverse colon
What is in L hypochondriac region?
descending colon L kidney Liver pancreas sml intestine spleen stomach transverse colon
What is in R lumber region?
ascending colon gall bladder liver R kidney sml intestine
What is in Umbilical region?
cisterna chyli pancreas R&L kidneys R&L ureters sml intestine stomach transverse colon
What is in L lumber region?
Descending colon
L kidney
sml intestine
What is in R iliac (inguinal) region?
appendix cecum and ascending colon R fallopian tube (F) R ovary Sml Intestine
What is located in Hypogastric region?
prostate rectum R&L fallopian tubes + ovaries (f) R&L ureters seminal vessicle (m) sigmoid colon urinary bladder uterus (f) Vas deferens (m)
What is in L iliac (inguinal) region?
L fallopian tube + ovary (f)
sml intestine
descending colon
sigmoid colon
What landmarks are used to differentiate between 9 regions of abdomen?
R midclavicular line
L midclavicular line
Subcostal
Intertubercular
Layers of abdominal wall - sin and fascia
Skin
Superficial fascia
(two layers 1. Camper’s (fatty camping layer) fascia
2. Scarpa’s (very thin membranous layer) fascia
Layers of abdominal wall - layers deep to muscle layers
- Trasversali fascia
- Extraperitoneal layer
- Parietal peritoneum
Dermatome reference landmarks T6,T10,L1
T6 - below nipple
T10 - umbilicus
L1 - inguinal region
Name layers of abdominal wall as you would cut through them (Superficial to deep)
- Skin
- Camper Fascia (superficial fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue)
- Scarpa Fascia (deep membranous layer of subcutaneous tissue)
- Investing (deep) fascia - superficial
- External oblique
- Investing fascia - intermediate
- Internal oblique
- Investing fascia deep
- transversus abdominis
- Endoabdominal (transversalis) fascia
- parietal peritoneum
Where do embryonic sections of GIT refer pain to - foregut, midgut and hindgut
Referred pain by derivatives of the foregut, midgut and hindgut is to the epigastric, umbilical, pubic regions respectively
Surface anatomy defined by rectus abdominus
The rectus abdomens defines:
linea alba
linia semilunaris
tendinous intersection
Layers of the abdominal wall:
skin fascia three flat muscles transveralis fascia extraperitoneal layer peritoneum
