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Reproductive System > Anatomy Reproductive System > Flashcards

Anatomy Reproductive System Flashcards

0
Q

What is found on the posterior wall of pelvis?

A

Sacrum and coccyx

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1
Q

Where are the ovaries and uterus found?

A

True pelvis (lower)

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2
Q

What is found on anterior wall of pelvis?

A

2 pubic bones

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3
Q

What is found on lateral walls of pelvis?

A

2 iliac wings and ischium

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4
Q

What divides the true (inferior) pelvis and false (superior) pelvis?

A

Lineuterminalis (iliopectineal line)

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5
Q

What muscles are found on the anterior wall of the false pelvis?

A

Paired rectus abdominus muscles

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6
Q

What is found on the inferior wall of the true pelvis? 4

A

Pelvic diaphragm
Levatorani muscle
Coccygeous muscle
Perineal muscle

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7
Q

Osseous ligaments attach what to what? Are they seen on ultrasound?

A

Bone to bone/ not seen

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8
Q

List 4 osseous ligaments of pelvis

A

Sacroiliac
Sacrosciatic ( sacrotuberous)
Sacrococcygeal
Pubic symphysis

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9
Q

Ligament that extends to lateral pelvis side walls?

A

Peritoneum ( broad ligament )

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10
Q

Ligament on the back of the uterus?

A

Uterosacral lig

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11
Q

Ligament that is found in the anterior aspect and inferior to the broad ligament and attaches the upper uterus to the anterior pelvic wall?

A

Round ligament

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12
Q

Ligament that attaches uterus to ovary/ attaches upper lateral ligament

A

Ovarian ligament or proper ovarian ligament

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13
Q

Ligament attaches ovary to posterior broad ligament ( not seen unless ascites present )

A

Mesovarian

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14
Q

Suspensory ligament to ovary, attaches lateral aspect of ovary to pelvic wall, also transmits the ovarian artery, vein, and nerve to ovary

A

Infundibulopelvic lig.

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15
Q

Muscle that forms anterior wall of pelvis

A

Rectus abdominus m.

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16
Q

Muscle that forms posterior wall of pelvis

A

Psoas major m.

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17
Q

Muscle that forms the lateral wall of pelvis

A

Iliacus m.

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18
Q

Muscle that extends from the xyphoid process to pubic symphysis / responsible for refraction “ghosting” artifact occasionally seen while imaging the midline pelvis in transverse plane

A

Rectus abdominus m.

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19
Q

Muscle that originates from the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebra and joins the illiacus m. in the pelvis to become iliopsoas m. ( inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur )

A

Psoas major m.

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20
Q

Muscle that sits on the anterior iliac fossa/ it arises at the iliac crests and extends inferiorly to join the psoas m. to form the iliopsoas

A

Iliacus m.

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21
Q

What muscle forms lateral margins of the false pelvis?

A

Illiacus m.

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22
Q

The triangular muscle that is anchored along the pelvic brim

A

Obturator internus m.

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23
Q

Lateral side wall of true pelvis?

A

Obturator m.

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24
Q

“Turn out muscle” turns your leg out and found deep and posterior in the true pelvis

A

Piriformis m.

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25
Q

What holds the pelvic organ inside?

A

Pelvic diaphragm

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26
Q

3 muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

A

Levator ani m. ( anterior )
Coccygeous m. ( posterior )
Perineal m. ( outside )

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27
Q

What 3 structures pass through the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Urethra ( ant.)
Vagina
Rectum ( post.)

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28
Q

Muscle of the posterior floor of pelvic diaphragm?

A

Coccygeus m.

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29
Q

Muscle of the middle and anterior floor pelvic diaphragm?

A

Levator ani m.

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30
Q

Hollow musculomembranous organ

A

Urinary bladder

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31
Q

What organ is located posterior to the pubic symphysis and anterior to vagina?

A

Urinary bladder

32
Q

Superior convexity of bladder is called what?

A

“Dome”

33
Q

What inserts on inferior and posterior portion of bladder?

A

Ureters

34
Q

3 layers of wall of bladder

A

1 outer epithelial ( thin )
2 middle muscular
3 inner mucosal layer

35
Q

When can you see the folds ( rugae ) of the bladder ( sonographically )

A

When bladder is empty

36
Q

When can you not see the mucosa of the bladder?

A

When bladder is full

37
Q

What arises along the inferior and middle part of the bladder?

A

Urethra

38
Q

What is the 7-10 cm canal ( smooth muscle )

A

Vagina

39
Q

What organ extends from the external introitus to the cx?

A

Vagina

40
Q

Upper portion of the vagina surrounds the cx and forms gutters called the what?

A

Fornicies

41
Q

How many fornicies are there?

A

1 anterior fornix
2 lateral fornicies
1 posterior fornix ( usually deepest and can often see fluid in it )

42
Q

Pear shaped hollow organ

A

Uterus

43
Q

Organ located anterior to rectum and posterior to bladder

A

Uterus

44
Q

What are the three parts of the uterus?

A

Fundus ( dome/ top)
Body ( main part )
Isthmus ( lower segment)

45
Q

What part of the uterus is the most flexible and grows at the most rapid rate during pregnancy?

A

Isthmus

46
Q

What is the “ neck” of the uterus

A

Cervix

47
Q

What provides alkaline secretion favorable for sperm penetration for fertilization?

A

Cx

48
Q

What part of the cx continues into the uterine cavity as endometrium?

A

Endocervical canal

49
Q

What is the size of an adult uterus?

A

Cx lower1/3

Body/ fundus upper 2/3

50
Q

Size of newborn uterus

A

Cx lower 1/2

Body/ fundus upper 1/2

51
Q

Size of pediatric uterus?

A

Cx lower 2/3

Body/ fundus upper 1/3

52
Q

Size of post menopause uterus?

A

Same portion as adult just smaller

53
Q

What are the layers of the uterus?

A

Perimetrium ( serosa ) outer
Myometrium (middle muscular)
Endometrium (inner mucous layer)
Parametrium ( tissue surrounding ut)

54
Q

What layer of the uterus is part of the visceral peritoneum and becomes the broad ligament laterally, anteriorly becomes the vesicouterine pouch ( cul de sac ), and posteriorly becomes the recto uterine pouch ( pouch of Douglas)

A

Perimetrium

55
Q

What is the most dependent portion of the abdomen and pelvic cavity?

A

Pouch of Douglas

56
Q

What is the middle muscular layer of the ut that is 3 layers of smooth m. which contracts during parturition ( delivery)?

A

Myometrium

57
Q

What is the innermost layer of the myometrium that is sometime seen as a hypoechoic layer just inside the endometrium ( always seen on MRI )

A

Junctional zone

58
Q

What layer of the ut consists of a superficial functional layer and a deeper permanent basal layer?

A

Endometrium

59
Q

What layer varies in thickness during different phases of the cycle? The thickness measured w/ ut in the sagittal plane taken as double layer.

A

Endometrium

60
Q

What tissue surrounds the ut?

A

Parametrium

61
Q

What position of the ut is when there is no bend and the endometrium is straight ( forward)

A

Anteversion

62
Q

A posterior tilt or neutral position of the ut with respect to the vagina

A

Retroversion

63
Q

Bending forward at the ut body

A

Anteflexion

64
Q

Bending backward at the ut body

A

Retroflexion

65
Q

Most common positions

A

Anteverted & anteflex

66
Q

Solid, paired, oval organ suspended in the pelvic peritoneum, posterior to broad ligament

A

Ovaries

67
Q

Outer functional layer of the ovary

A

Cortex

68
Q

What layer of the ovary contains the vessels and connective tissue?

A

Inner medullary

69
Q

The channel through which vessels and nerves is situated the anterior surface of the ovary

A

Hilum

70
Q

Paired musculomembranous tubes that extend laterally from the uterine Cornu

A

Fallopian tubes

71
Q

Parts of the Fallopian tube

A

C ornual/ interstitial/ intramural
I sthmus
A mpullary

I nfundibulum
F imbriae

72
Q

Potential spaces in pelvic cavity created by locations of organs and suspensory structures

A

Peritoneal recesses

73
Q

Prevesical or retropubic space located b/w pubic symphysis (ant) and bladder (post)

A

Space of Retzius

74
Q

Anterior cul de sac/ anterior to ut posterior to bladder ( usually empty, may have loops of bowel)

A

Vesicouterine

75
Q

posterior to cul de sac, posterior to uterine cervix, anterior to rectum ( most dependent area of body and most common place for fluid to collect)

A

Rectouterine space ( pouch of Douglas )

76
Q

Complex free fluid in the peritoneal recesses is associated with what?

A

Hemorrhage ( blood) infection (pus)

77
Q

What supplies the pelvic organ?

A

Abdominal aorta and branches

78
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta divide into the right and left common iliac arteries?

A

L4

Reproductive System (1 decks)

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