Anatomy & Radiography - Midterm material Flashcards
Which joint spaces are seen well on routine shoulder (internal & external rotation) views?
Proximal, scapula, clavicle; acromion clearance
Which joint space is not seen well on those views?
glenohumeral joint (Need Grashy views) AC joint (need axial projection) Scapulothoracic (need scapular "Y" view)
When do you order PA/lateral chest exam?
PA: 1. lung fields, hear, great vessels, ribs. 2. soft tissues
Lateral: 1. (L) reduce cardiac magnification. 2. localize mediastinum and lesions. 3. lung fields, heart, great vessels, ribs.
Exposed on 2nd full inspiration
When do you order a thoracic spine exam?
when you suspect spine lesions; FYI lungs and ribs will be over exposed
When do you order a rib exam?
- body structures; 2. Rib fractures; 3. upright chest film to determine underlying lung/soft tissue injury.
Oblique: to see around angle of ribs
Collimated down to rib in question.
What is a scaphoid view? Which side of wrist is the scaphoid on?
Ulnar flexion during PA hand projection.
The radial side.
How do you image for a lumbar spine instability?
Flexion and extension views - lateral
What is a pars interarticularis fracture? And what condition may it result in?
fracture of bone behind pedicle and lamina.
Spondylolysis.
Pars defect requires LAO and RAO of lumbar spine
In addition to the routine three-view which cervical spine views are indicated when radicular symptoms are noted?
Routine 3 view: AP, AP open mouth, lateral
Oblique view to visualize intervertebral foramina, osteophytes
What is the best view for sacroiliac joints and lumbosacral area?
AP spot view 25-30 degrees
Which additional views demonstrate the area in an inversion ankle sprain including the base of the 5th metatarsal?
Minimum series: AP dorsoplantar projection, med oblique, lateral
Fracture of 5th metatarsal: dancer’s fracture, Jones’ fracture, AP ankle or lateral ankle
What study demonstrates pneumoperitoneum and/or bowl obstruction?
Acute abdomen series:
Supine (AP) - AKA KUB, scout film; overview (bowel obs)
Upright chest - captures free air behind liver and diaphragm, lung base pathology.
Decubitus, esp. if patient cant stand (bowel obs)
What plain film study will be useful in determining whether a patient has a leg-length inequality?
AP pelvis
Annual dose level where increase in cancer risk is evident
100 mSv
Dose limit for radiation workers
Annual limit: 50 mSv ; Overall limit: 250 mSv
