Anatomy Position Flashcards
1
Q
Anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs
A
Abdominal
2
Q
Anterior body
Region of the breastbone
A
Sternal
3
Q
Anterior
Breast of the region
A
Mammary
4
Q
Anterior
Mouth
A
Oral
5
Q
Anterior Nose
A
Nasal
6
Q
Anterior
Bony or eye socket
A
Orbital
7
Q
Anterior
Head
A
Frontal
8
Q
Anterior
Cheek
A
Buccal
9
Q
Anterior knee (kneecap) region
A
Patellar
10
Q
Anterior
Groin area
A
Inguinal
11
Q
Anterior
Hand
A
Manus
12
Q
Anterior
Fingers or toes
A
Digital
13
Q
Anterior
Chest
A
Thoracic
14
Q
Anterior
Ankle
A
Tarsal
15
Q
Anterior
Navel
A
Umbilical
16
Q
Genital region
A
Anterior
Pubic
17
Q
Pelvis region
A
Anterior
Pelvic
18
Q
Thigh
A
Anterior
Femoral
19
Q
Hip
A
Anterior
Coxal
20
Q
Side of the leg
A
Anterior
Fibular
21
Q
Wrist
A
Anterior
Carpal
22
Q
Arm
A
Anterior Brachial
23
Q
Neck region
A
Anterior Cervical
24
Q
Posterior (back-dorsal)body landmarks
A
Cephalic
Femoral
Fibular
Gluteal
Lumbar
Occipital
Sacral
Scapular
Sural
Vertebral
25
The head
Posterior cephalic
26
The thigh
Posterior Femoral
27
The side of the leg
Posterior fibular
28
Buttocks of the leg
Posterior gluteal
29
Area of the back between ribs and hips; loin
Posterior lumbar
30
Posterior aspects of the head or base of the skull
Posterior occipital
31
Area between hip
Posterior sacral
32
Scapula or shoulder blade area
Posterior
Scapular
33
Calf or posterior area surface of the leg
Posterior Sural
34
Area of spinal column
Posterior vertabral
35
Above/below
These terms refer to placement of a structure along the long axis of the body.
-always appears above the structure
-always appears below the structure
Superior/ inferior
36
(front/back)
-are those that are most forward
(The face,chest and abdomen)
-are those toward the back side of the body
(Spine is posterior to the heart)
Anterior/ posterior
37
(toward the midline/away from the midline or median plane)
-Strenum is ____ to the ribs
-the ear is _____ to the nose
Medial/lateral
38
When the section is made through the body wall or through an organ it is made along in an imaginary surface or line
Plane
39
Anatomists commonly refer to three plane
Sagittal plane
Frontal plane
Transverse plane
40
runs longitudinally and divides the body into right and left parts.
Sagittal plane
41
If it divides the body into equal parts right down the midline of the body it is called
Median or midsagittal plane
42
Sometimes called a coronal plane.
Is a longitudinal plane that divides the body (or an organ) into anterior and posterior parts
Frontal plane
43
Body cavities
Dorsal body cavity
Ventral body cavity
Abdominopelvic quadrants region
Umbilical regions
44
It consists of the cranial and spinal cavities
Dorsal body cavity
45
With the rigid skull, contains the brain,
Cranial cavity
46
Which run within the bony vertebral column protects the spinal cord
Spinal cavity
47
Is a continuation of the brain and the cavities containing them are continuous with each other
Spinal cord
48
___ is subdivided
Ventral cavity
49
Separated from the vest of the ventral cavity by the muscular diapgrahm
Superior Thoracic cavity
50
Heart and lungs located at _____
Are protected by
Thoracic cavity
Rib cage
51
The inferior to the diaphragm is the
Abdominal cavity
52
The area houses the stomach is ______,_____,_____ and the inferior pelvic cavity which is partially enclosed by the bony pelvis and contains the ____,_____,______
-Intestine,liver and the other organs
-reproductive organs, bladder and rectum.
53
Pelvic cavity tips away from the abdominal cavity in
Posterior direction
54
Quite large and contains many organs so it is helpful to divide it up into smaller areas to study
Abdominopelvic cavity
55
Four approximately equal regions
Quadrants
56
Four approximately equal regions is
Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant
57
Dorsal cavity (back) (posterior)
Cranial (contains brain)
Spinal cavity (contains spinal cord)
58
Ventral body cavity
Thoracic cavity (contains heart and lungs)
Diaphragm
Abdominal cavity (contains digestive viscera)
Pelvic cavity (contains urinary,bladder, reproductive organs and rectum)
59
The center most region which includes the umbilicus (navel)
Umbilical region
60
Immediately inferior to the umbilical region; encompasses the pubic area
Hypogastric (pubic) region
61
Lateral to the hypogastric region and overlying the superior parts of the hip bones
Iliac or inguinal regions
62
Between the ribs and the flaring portion of the hip bones; lateral to the umbilical region
Lumbar region
63
Flanking the epigastric region laterally and overlying the lower ribs
Hypochondriac regions
64
ORGAN SYSTEM
Integumentary (skin)
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic/immunity
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
65
Is the study of the structure and shape of the body and its part and their relationship to one another
ANATOMY
66
Is the study of how the body and its part work or function nature
PHYSIOLOGY
67
External covering body or skin.
Integumentary system
68
Consists of bine cartilage,ligament and joint
Skeletal system
69
The muscles of the body have only one function to contract or shorten
Muscular system
70
Is the body fast acting control system. It consists of the brain spinal cord nerves and sensory receptors
Nervous system
71
Control body activities but it acts much more slowly
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
72
Primary organs
Cardiovascular system
73
Complements that of the cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system
74
Is to keep the body constantly supplied with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide
Respiratory system
75
Basically a tube running through the body from mouth to anus
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
76
The body produces wasted as by products of its normal functions and these wastes must be disposed of
Urinary system
77
Exists primarily to produce offspring.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
78
Take the nutrients break them down and eliminate unabsorbed matter
Digestive system
79
Integumentary system located
Skin,hair,nails
80
Skeletal system located
Bones
Cartilage
Joints
Ligaments
81
Muscular system location
Skeletal system,facial expression,locomotion
82
Nervous system located
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Sensory receptors
83
Endocrine system located
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid,adrenals,thymus,pancreas
84
Cardiovascular located
Heart
Blood vessels
Blood
85
Lymphatic system
Thoracic duct
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic vessels
86
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM located
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Left lung
87
Digestive system located
Oral cavity
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestines
Large intestines
Rectum
Anus
88
Urinary system located
Kidney
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra
89
Reproductive system located
Male- seminal vesicles, penis,prostate gland, Vas deferens,Testis,scrotum
Female- mammary glands, uterine tube,ovary,uterus,vagina.
90
Toward the head end of the upper part of a structure or the body above
Superior ( cranial or cephalad)
91
Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body;below
Inferior (caudal)
92
Toward or at the front of the body ;infront of
Ventral (anterior)
93
Toward or at the front of the body; behind
Dorsal (posterior)
94
Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
Medial
95
Away from the midline of the body ; on the inner side of
Lateral
96
Between a more medial and a more lateral structure
Intermediate
97
Close to origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
PROXIMAL
98
Farther from the origin of a part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunck
DISTAL
99
Toward or at the body surface
Superficial (external)
100
Away from the body surface; more internal
Deep (internal)
101
When the section is made through the body wall or through an organ it is made along an imaginary line
PLANE
102
Right upper quadrant (R.U.Q)
Liver
103
Left upper quadrant (L.U.Q)
Large and small intestine
104
Right lower quadrant
Diaphragm,stomach
105
Left lower quadrant (L.L.Q)
Urinary bladder
106
RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIA REGION(R.H.C.R)
Liver right lobe
Gall bladder
107
EPIGASTRIC REGION (E.R)
Liver,stomach,spleen,adrenal glands and pancreas
108
LEFT HYPOCHONDRIA REGION (LH.C.R)
Spleen,stomach, left kidney,liver's tip,pancreas,large/small intestine,diaphragm
109
RIGHT LUMBAR REGION (R.L.R)
Ascending colon
Small intestine
110
UMBILICAL REGION (U.R)
Small intestine
Transverse colon
Duodenum
111
LEFT LUMBAR REGION (L.L.R)
Descending colon
Small intestine
Left kidney
112
RIGHT ILIAC REGION (L.I.R)
APPendix
Cecum
Ascending colon
Small intestine
113
HYPOGASTRIC REGION (HG.R)
Bladder,sigmoid colon,small intestine, reproductive organs
114
LEFT ILIAC REGION (L.I.R)
SIGMOID COLON
DESCENDING COLON
SMALL INTESTINE
115
Contains brain
Cranial cavity
116
Contains spinal cord
Spinal cavity
117
Contains thoracic cavity
Lungs,
118
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
119
Contain stomach,liver intestine
Abdominal cavity
120
Reproductive organs
Pelvic cavity
121
Are the structural units of all living things from one-celled "generalists" like amoebas to complex multicellular organisms such as human
CELLS
122
Cell research has been exceptionally fruitful and provided us with four concepts collectively known
Cell theory
123
All cells have three main regions or parts, nucleus,cytoplasm and plasma membrane
Generalized cell
124
For cells "headquarters" or the control center is the gene-containing
Nucleus
125
The nucleus has 3 recognizable regions or structures
Nuclear envelope, chromatin, nucleoli
126
Nucleus is bounded a double membrane barrier
Nuclear envelope
127
-Nuclear membrane enclose a jelly like fluid
-which other nuclear elements are suspended
Nucleusplasm
128
Nucleus contain one or more small,dark staining, essentialoy round bodies
Nucleoli
129
When the cell is not diving its DNA is combined with protein and forms a loose network of bumpy threads
Chromatin
130
When a cell is dividing to form two daughter cells, the chromatin threads coil and condense to form dense, rodlike bodies
Chromosomes
131
A fragile transparent barrier that contains the cell contents and separates them from the surrounding environment.
Plasma membrane
132
Structure of the plasma membrane consists __________ in which protein molecules float
Two lipid (fat)
Layers arranged "tail to tail"
133
The protein some of which are free to move from constantly changing
Pattern or mosaic
134
Lipid portion
Phospholipids
135
The polar "heads" of the lollipop shaped phospholipid molecules
Hydrophilic (water loving)
136
Nonpolar tails
Hydrophobic (water hating"
137
Cellular material outside the nucleus and inside plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
138
Semitransparent fluid that suspends the other elements
Cytosol
139
Described in detail shortly are the metabolic machinery of the cell
Organelles
140
Chemical substances that may or may not be present depending on the specific cell type
Inclusions
141
Literally "little organs" are specialized cellular compartments each performing its own job to maintain the life of the cell
Cytoplasmic organelles
142
Much of this energy escapes as heat but some is captured and used to form
ATP MOLECULES
143
Are tiny bilobed dark bodies made of proteins and one variety of RNA
Ribosomal RNA
144
Network within the cytoplasm (ER) IS A system of fluid filled cisterns (tubules,or canals) that coil and twist through cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
145
Because it is studded with ribosomes
Rough ER
146
Where they fold Into their functional three-dimensional shapes and then are dispatched to other areas of the cell
Transport vesicles
147
Communicates with the rough variety it plays no role in protein synthesis.
SMOOTH ER
148
-appears as a stack of flattened membranous sacs associated with swarms of tiny vesicles.
Golgi apparatus
149
Swollen ends filled with protein pinch off and form
Secretory vesicles
150
-Breakdown bodies which appear in different sizes are membranous "bags" containing powerful digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
151
To detoxify a number of harmful or poisonous substances
PERIXOSOMES
152
Network Of protein structures extends throughout the cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
153
Help form desmosomes and provide internal guy wires to resist pullig forces on the cell
Intermediate filaments
154
Determine the overall shape of cells and distribution of organelles
Microtubules
155
They are rod-shaped bodies that lie at right angles to each other
Centrioles
156
Whiplike cellular extension that move substances along the cell surface
Cilia
157
If the projection formed by centrioles are substantially longer
Flagellated
158
Are tiny,fingerlike extensions of the plasma membrane that project from an exposed cell surface
Microvilli
159
Cells that connect body parts
Fibroblast- elongated shape
Erythrocyte (red blood cell)- carries oxygen in the bloodstream
160
Cell that covers and lines body organs
Epithelial cell- hexagonal shape exactly like beehive
161
Collectively the nucleoplasm and the cytosol
Intracellular fluid
162
The fluid that continuously bathes the exterior of our cells
Interstitial fluid
163
Forms the cushionlike disk between the vertebrae of the spinal column
Fibrocartilage
164
Found in structures with elasticity
Elastic cartilage
165
Has collagen fibers as its main matrix element
Dense fibrous tissue
166
Attach skeletal muscles to bones
Tendons
167
Connect bone to bones at joints
Ligaments
168
The most widely distributed connective tissue variety in the body is a soft pliable cobwebby tissue that cushions and protects the body organs
Areolar tissue
169
Commonly called fat.
Adipose tissue
170
Insulates the body and protects it from bumps and extremes of both heat and cold
Adipose tissue
171
Consists of a delicate network of interwoven reticular fibers associated
Reticular cells
172
Considered a connective tissue because it consists of blood cells surrounded by nonliving,fluid matrix
Blood plasma
173
Tissue is package by connective tissue sheets into organs which can be controlled voluntarily
Skeletal muscles
174
-Involuntary
-found only in heart
Cardiac muscle
175
-Involuntary
-because no striations are visible
Smooth muscle
176
All neurons receive and conduct electrochemical impulse from one part of the body to another
Irritability
Conductivity
177
Immediately superior to the umbilical region; overlies most of the stomach
EPIGASTRIC REGION
178
Immediately inferior to the umbilical region ; encompasses the Pubic area
Hypogastric region
179
Lateral to hypogastric region and overlying the superior part of the hip bones.
iliac (inguinal) region
180
Between the ribs and the flaring portions of the hip bones; lateral to the umbilical region
LUMBAR REGIONS
181
Flanking the EPIGASTRIC region laterally and overlying the lower ribs
HYPOCHONDRIAC
