Anatomy & Physiology Of Circulatory System

Question 0

Where are electrical impulses created automatically?

Answer 0

Pacemaker sites

Question 1

Three major parts of the circulatory system (cardiovascular system)

Answer 1

• the heart
• the blood vessels
• the blood

Question 2

Located in the upper portion of the right atrium, known as the primary pacemaker of the heart.

Answer 2

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 3

Located in the crux( the point where the walls that seperate the upper & lower chambers & left & right sides of the heart all cross).
-only creates an impulse if the SA node fails

Answer 3

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Question 4

Deliver inpulses to the working cells of the heart. If both SA & AV nodes fail, they can initiate an inpulse to maintain some ventricular contraction

Answer 4

Purkinje fibers

Question 5

Explain the flow of a drop of blood through the heart

Answer 5

• Superior & Inferior vena cave
• right atrium
• tricuspid valve
• right ventricle
• pulmonary arteries
• to the lungs, blood is oxygenated
• pulmonary veins
• left atrium
• bicuspid valve (mitral valve)
• left ventricle
• aortic valve
• aorta
  Thenthe blood is distributed to the body to cells & organs

Question 6

Increase in pressure in the pulmonary vessel & makes it difficult for the right ventricle to pump blood out. If this high pressure sustained over time, the right ventricle begins to weaken & eventually fail

Answer 6

Right-sided heart failure or

right ventricular heart failure

Question 7

If the pressure in the aorta is excssively high, or if the blood pressure is higher than normal for long periods of time, the left ventricle will begin to weaken & fail

Answer 7

Congestive heart failure or

Left-sided or left ventricular failure

Question 8

Carry oxygenated blood

Answer 8

Arteries

Question 9

When the left ventricle cannot eject blood effectively, pressure in the left atrium & pulmonary veins builds up, forcing fluid out of the capillaries around the alveoli of the lungs
This condition is known as:

Answer 9

Pulmonary Edema

fluid in & around the alveoli in the lungs

Question 10

Carry deoxygenated blood

Answer 10

Veins

Question 11

Blood vessels that supply the heart with blood

Answer 11

Coronary arteries

Question 12

carry oxygen to the tissues of the body

Answer 12

red blood cells

Question 13

serve to protect the body & eliminate infections from viruses or bacteria

Answer 13

white blood cells

Question 14

cellular elements whose job is to help in the clotting process to stop bleeding

Answer 14

platelets

Question 15

the clot that is formed is called a

Answer 15

thrombus

Question 16

3 important components of the clot formation system

Answer 16

• platelets
• thrombin
• fibrin

Question 17

the disk-shaped elements in the blood that are fragments of cell from the bone marrow

Answer 17

platelets

Question 18

a protein responsible for activating the formation of a clot

Answer 18

thrombin

Question 19

strands that are responsible for making a clot stronger

Answer 19

fibrin

Question 20

the heart’s electrical impulse is first generated in the

Answer 20

right atrium at the SA node

Question 21

electrical impulse that travels through both right & left atria by way of the:

Answer 21

Bachmann bundle

Question 22

electrical impulse that travels to the area between the atria and the ventricles

Answer 22

intranodal tract

Question 23

electrical impulse travels to the left and right ventricles via the left and right bundle branches via the:

Answer 23

bundle of his

Question 24

electrical impulse travels to the _____ ______, which are the embedded in the ventricular muscle, causing the ventricles to contract simultaneously.

Answer 24

Purkinje fibers

Question 25

cardiac rhythm abnormalities

Answer 25

dysrhythmias