Anatomy & Physiology GI Module 1

Question 1

The majority of the digestive enzymes are produced in the _______________.

Answer 1

pancreas

Question 2

The solutes contained in saliva include ________.

Answer 2

electrolytes, digestive enzyme, mucin, lysozyme, wastes, and IgA

Question 3

The capillaries that nourish the epithelium and absorb digested nutrients lie in the ________.

Answer 3

lamina propria

Question 4

____________ promotes gastric emptying.

Answer 4

gastrin

Question 5

______________ is least involved in the mechanical breakdown of food, digestion or absorption of nutrients.

Answer 5

the esophagus

Question 6

Under normal conditions, the body absorbs up to ________ percent of the nutrients in food.

Answer 6

97

Question 7

________ causes the pancreas to release lipase and the gallbladder to contract and release bile.

Answer 7

Cholecystokinin

Question 8

The _________ is involved in all of the following processes: secretion, mechanical breakdown of food, digestion and absorption.

Answer 8

stomach

Question 9

The function of the hepatic portal circulation is to ________.

Answer 9

collect absorbed nutrients for metabolic processing in the liver

Question 10

Bile salts bind at their hydrophobic regions to large fat globules within the chyme that enters the duodenum. Bile salts break up the fat globule into smaller fat droplets. This role of bile salts is best described as ________.

Answer 10

lipid emulsification

Question 11

A doctor consulting a patient that recently has had their gall bladder removed would likely advise ________.

Answer 11

eating foods that are low in fat

Question 12

Water-soluble nutrients are carried to the liver from the intestine via ________________.

Answer 12

hepatic portal vein

Question 13

Mucus production in the gastrointestinal tract ________________.

Answer 13

protects GI tract lining from digestion

Question 14

Intestinal gas is a result of ______________.

Answer 14

bacterial fermentation

Question 15

If a significant length of the small intestine was not functioning properly, _________________ will be affected.

Answer 15

digestion and absorption

Question 16

If food is digested incompletely, _________________ will be disrupted.

Answer 16

absorption and transport

Question 17

From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers of ______________ in order from the lumen.