Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
What is the shape of the bony orbit?
Pyramidal
How many bones make up the orbit? What are they?
7: Sphenoid Maxilla Zygoma Ethmoid Frontal Lacrimal Platine
What does the bony orbit contain?
Eyeballs Extra-ocular muscles Eyelids Nerves Blood vessels Orbital fat
Which nerves are present within the bony orbit?
Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens
What vessels are present within the bony orbit?
Ophthalmic artery
Superior ophthalmic vein
Inferior ophthalmic vein
What are the extra-occular muscles, and which nerves supply them?
Superior oblique - CN IV Inferior oblique - CN III Lateral rectus - CN VI Medial rectus - CN III Inferior rectus - CN III Superior rectus - CN III Levator palpebrae superioris - CN III Superior tarsal - sympathetic NS
L6S4R3 - how is that even useful? IDK
Which muscle is responsible for superior eyelid movement?
Levator palpebrae superioris
What are the main pathways by which structures enter/leave the orbit? What goes through them?
- Optic canal - optic nerve and ophthalmic artery
- Superior orbital fissure - lacrimal, frontal, trochlear, oculomotor, nasociliary, and abducens nerves, and superior ophthalmic vein.
- Inferior orbital fissure - zygomatic branch of maxillary nerve, inf. ophth. vein and sympathetic nerves.
- Nasolacrimal canal
- Supraorbital foramen
- Infraorbital canal
What are the 3 anatomical parts of the eyeball?
Fibrous
Vascular
Inner
Which structures are located in the fibrous layer of the eyeball?
Sclera
Cornea
What is the function of the sclera?
Attachment of the extraocular muscles and protection of other structures.
What is the function of the cornea?
Refraction of light.
Which structures are present in the vascular layer of the eyeball?
Choroid
Ciliary body
Iris
