Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

Itis

Answer 1

Inflammation e.g tonsillitis, appendicitis

Question 2

Ulum

Answer 2

Small/little e.g reticulum, capitulum

Question 3

Frontal plane

Answer 3

Divides the body into the back and the front and is also known as the coronal plane.

Question 4

Transverse plane

Answer 4

Divides the body along its axis, creating a lower and upper body

Question 5

Median plane

Answer 5

Also known as the sagittal plane and divides the body equally into left and right.

Question 6

Cyto

Answer 6

To do with the cell e.g cytoplasm, cytotoxic etc.

Question 7

Superior

Answer 7

Towards the top/higher up the body e.g shoulder is superior to the wrist.

Question 8

Inferior

Answer 8

Towards the bottom/lower down the body e.g wrist is inferior to the shoulder.

Question 9

Cranial

Answer 9

Towards/closer to the head.

Question 10

Chordal

Answer 10

Towards/closer to the tail.

Question 11

Anterior

Answer 11

Closer to the front of the body.

Question 12

Posterior

Answer 12

Closer to the back of the body.

Question 13

Dorsal

Answer 13

Closer to the back.

Question 14

Ventral

Answer 14

Closer to the abdomen.

Question 15

Lateral

Answer 15

Closer/towards to the midline.

Question 16

Medial

Answer 16

Away/further from the midline.

Question 17

Distal

Answer 17

Closer to trunk/attachment site.

Question 18

Proximal

Answer 18

Further from the trunk/attachment site.

Question 19

Abduction

Answer 19

Movement of limbs away from body/midline.

Question 20

Adduction

Answer 20

Movement of limbs towards body/midline.

Question 21

Pronation

Answer 21

Having palms of the hands facing downwards.

Question 22

Supination

Answer 22

Having the palms of the hands facing upwards.

Question 23

Circumduction

Answer 23

Circular movement of a limb.

Question 24

Flexion

Answer 24

Movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.

Question 25

Extension

Answer 25

Increasing the angle between two body parts.

Question 26

Pith

Answer 26

Centre of the stem. Thin cell walls. Increases in size with more water. Parenchymal tissue.

Question 27

Cortex

Answer 27

Made up of collenchyma. Has a primary wall with some thickening, making it pliable.

Question 28

Xylem

Answer 28

Hollow tubes that have undergone apoptosis. Thickened with lining and involved in water transport.

Question 29

Vascular Bundles

Answer 29

Surrounded by sclerenchyma. Provides an elasticity to the tissue. Arrangement of bundles decides how big the plant will grow.

Question 30

Primary Root

Answer 30

Provide stability and anchorage. Also known as 'tap' root.

Question 31

Long bone

Answer 31

Bones longer than they are wide. Found in limbs e.g femur. Transmit longitudinal forces.

Question 32

Flat bone

Answer 32

Narrow, flat bones that protect muscle.

Question 33

Short bones

Answer 33

Bones that are about as short as they are wide. Provides strength and movement.

Question 34

Irregular bones

Answer 34

Bones that are difficult to categorise e.g vertebrae.

Question 35

Superior

Answer 35

Towards the top/higher up the body e.g shoulder is superior to the wrist.

Question 36

Inferior

Answer 36

Towards the bottom/lower down the body e.g wrist is inferior to the shoulder.

Question 37

Cranial

Answer 37

Towards/closer to the head.

Question 38

Chordal

Answer 38

Towards/closer to the tail.

Question 39

Anterior

Answer 39

Closer to the front of the body.

Question 40

Posterior

Answer 40

Closer to the back of the body.

Question 41

Dorsal

Answer 41

Closer to the back.

Question 42

Ventral

Answer 42

Closer to the abdomen.

Question 43

Lateral

Answer 43

Closer/towards to the midline.

Question 44

Medial

Answer 44

Away/further from the midline.

Question 45

Distal

Answer 45

Closer to trunk/attachment site.

Question 46

Proximal

Answer 46

Further from the trunk/attachment site.

Question 47

Abduction

Answer 47

Movement of limbs away from body/midline.

Question 48

Adduction

Answer 48

Movement of limbs towards body/midline.

Question 49

Pronation

Answer 49

Having palms of the hands facing downwards.

Question 50

Supination

Answer 50

Having the palms of the hands facing upwards.

Question 51

Circumduction

Answer 51

Circular movement of a limb.

Question 52

Flexion

Answer 52

Movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.

Question 53

Extension

Answer 53

Increasing the angle between two body parts.

Question 54

Pith

Answer 54

Centre of the stem. Thin cell walls. Increases in size with more water. Parenchymal tissue.

Question 55

Cortex

Answer 55

Made up of collenchyma. Has a primary wall with some thickening, making it pliable.

Question 56

Xylem

Answer 56

Hollow tubes that have undergone apoptosis. Thickened with lining and involved in water transport.

Question 57

Vascular Bundles

Answer 57

Surrounded by sclerenchyma. Provides an elasticity to the tissue. Arrangement of bundles decides how big the plant will grow.

Question 58

Primary Root

Answer 58

Provide stability and anchorage. Also known as 'tap' root.

Question 59

Long bone

Answer 59

Bones longer than they are wide. Found in limbs e.g femur. Transmit longitudinal forces.

Question 60

Flat bone

Answer 60

Narrow, flat bones that protect muscle.

Question 61

Short bones

Answer 61

Bones that are about as short as they are wide. Provides strength and movement.

Question 62

Irregular bones

Answer 62

Bones that are difficult to categorise e.g vertebrae.

Question 63

Sesame I'd bones

Answer 63

Develop in tendons e.g patella.