Anatomy/Physiology

Question 1

The transitional structure that occurs right before two reacting chemicals produce new compounds.

Answer 1

activated complex

Question 2

Compounds that give off H+ ions in water. Acids have a pH less than 7 and turn blue litmus paper red; acids are good at dissolving metals.

Answer 2

acid

Question 3

The minimal energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur

Answer 3

Activation energy

Question 4

The force or attraction that holds two separate objects together.

Answer 4

Adhesion

Question 5

The binding of molecules or particles to a surface only, not beneath the surface. When one substance collects on the surface of another, such as with a charcoal filter in a coffee pot.

Answer 5

Adsorption

Question 6

An organic compound containing an -OH group.

Answer 6

Alcohol

Question 7

An organic compound containing a -CHO group.

Answer 7

Aldehyde

Question 8

An organic compound which contains only single carbon-carbon bonds such as propane and octane.

Answer 8

Alkane

Question 9

An organic compound containing at least one C=C bond (double bond), for example, propene.

Answer 9

alkene

Question 10

An organic compound made up of only carbon and hydrogen that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond; alkynes end with -yne such as acetylene (systematic name: ethyne).

Answer 10

Alkyne

Question 11

Different forms of an element in the same physical state, such as how carbon can be either graphite or diamonds

Answer 11

Allotropes

Question 12

An ion with a negative charge.

Answer 12

Anion

Question 13

The smallest particle of an element

Answer 13

Atom

Question 14

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom as well as the number of electrons in a neutral atom.

Answer 14

Atomic Number

Question 15

An organic compound that consists of a nitrogen atom attached only to carbon and sometimes hydrogen atoms.

Answer 15

Amine

Question 16

Known as the building blocks of proteins; they contain at least one amine group and one carboxylic acid group attached to the same carbon.

Answer 16

amino acid

Question 17

When a substance is dissolved in water, the result is an aqueous solution.

Answer 17

Aqueous

Question 18

A compound that gives off OH- ions in water; bases have a pH greater than 7 and turns red litmus paper blue.

Answer 18

base

Question 19

A radioactive particle equivalent to an electron

Answer 19

beta particle

Question 20

A steroid that aids digestion by breaking down fats.

Answer 20

bile

Question 21

A compound composed of just two elements.

Answer 21

binary compound

Question 22

A liquid (usually aqueous) that resists a change in pH when a small amount of an acid or base is added.

Answer 22

buffer

Question 23

The measure of the heat flow of a chemical reaction. Calories are also the measure of the energy content of food. One calorie is defined as the amount of energy that it takes to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

Answer 23

calorimetry

Question 24

An organic molecule with a -COOH group on it, such as acetic acid.

Answer 24

carboxylic acid

Question 25

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up by the reaction; enzymes are catalysts because they allow the reactions that take place in the body to occur fast enough that we can live

Answer 25

catalyst

Question 26

An ion with a positive charge.

Answer 26

cation