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HESI A2 > Anatomy & Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What plane divides the body into left and right portions?

A

Sagittal

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2
Q

What portions does the sagittal plane divide the body into?

A

Left and right

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3
Q

What plane divides the body into front and back portions?

A

Coronal (Frontal)

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4
Q

What portions does the coronal plane divide the body into?

A

Front and back

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5
Q

What plane divides the body into top and bottom portions?

A

Transverse

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6
Q

What portions does the transverse plane divide the body into?

A

Top and bottom

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7
Q

Towards or in front of the body

A

Anterior

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8
Q

What is another word for anterior?

A

Ventral

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9
Q

Superior

A

Above

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10
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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11
Q

Behind or towards the backside of the body

A

Posterior

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12
Q

What is another word for posterior?

A

Dorsal

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13
Q

Closer to the midline of the body

A

Medial

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14
Q

Farther away from midline of the body

A

Lateral

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15
Q

Closer or toward the body trunk/chest/center of the body

A

Proximal

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16
Q

Farther away from the body trunk/chest/center of the body

A

Distal

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17
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the outer layer and surface of the body

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18
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface of the body

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19
Q

Face up body position

A

Supine

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20
Q

Face down body position

A

Prone

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21
Q

Osteogenic cells

A

the only bone cells that divide and become osteoblasts

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22
Q

What are the only bone cells that divide and become osteoblasts?

A

Osteogenic cells

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23
Q

Osteoblasts

A

cells that secrete matrix for bone formation

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24
Q

What cells secrete matrix for bone formation?

A

Osteoblasts

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25
Q

Osteocytes

A

bone cells embedded in the matrix

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26
Q

What bone cells are embedded in the matrix?

A

Osteocytes

27
Q

Haversian Canal

A

tiny tubes that form a network to communicate with bones and their blood vessels

28
Q

What are tiny tubes that form a network to communicate with bones and their blood vessels?

A

Haversian Canal

29
Q

The shoulder and hip are what kind of synovial joint?

A

Ball and socket

30
Q

The elbow and knee are what kind of synovial joint?

A

Hinge

31
Q

The neck is what kind of synovial joint?

A

Pivot

32
Q

The wrist is what kind of synovial joint?

A

Condyloid

33
Q

The fingers are what kind of synovial joint?

A

Saddle

34
Q

The ankle is what kind of synovial joint?

A

Plane

35
Q

The two major bones of the head

A

Parietal and frontal

36
Q

What are the 4 major bones of the chest?

A

Scapula, clavicle, ribs, and sternum

37
Q

What are 3 major bones of the arm?

A

Humerus, radius, and ulna

38
Q

What are 3 major bones of the leg?

A

Tibia, fibula, and femur

39
Q

What are 3 major bones of the foot?

A

Tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges

40
Q

What are 3 major bones of the hands?

A

Carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges

41
Q

What is the outermost layer of muscle connective tissue?

A

Epimysium

42
Q

What layer of muscle connective tissue surrounds muscle fibers?

A

Perimysium

43
Q

What is the deepest layer of muscle connective tissue?

A

Endomysium

44
Q

What major muscle is on the side of the head?

A

Temporalis

45
Q

What major muscle is in the cheek area?

A

Zygomaticus

46
Q

What major muscle is in the calf area?

A

Gastrocnemius

47
Q

What major muscle is in the shoulder area?

A

Deltoid

48
Q

What major muscle is near the upper ribs?

A

Serratus anterior

49
Q

What 2 major muscles are in the chest?

A

Pectoralis major and minor

50
Q

What major muscle is in the leg?

A

Quadriceps

51
Q

What type of blood does the superior and inferior vena cava carry?

A

Deoxygenated

52
Q

The superior/inferior vena cava flows into the…

A

Right atrium

53
Q

What valve controls the flow between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

A

Tricuspid valve (AV)

54
Q

Blood from the right ventricle flows into the…

A

Pulmonary artery

55
Q

What type of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?

A

Oxygenated

56
Q

The pulmonary vein flows into the…

A

Left atrium

57
Q

What valve controls the flow between the left atrium and left ventricle?

A

Bicuspid valve (mitral)

58
Q

The left ventricle flows into the…

A

Aorta

59
Q

Blood flows through arteries into…

A

Arterioles

60
Q

Blood is exchanged in the…

A

Capillaries

61
Q

Capillaries are connected to veins by…

A

Venules

62
Q

The outer most layer of the heart is called the…

A

Epicardium

63
Q

The second layer of the heart is called the…

A

Myocardium

64
Q

The inner most layer of the heart is called the…

A

Endocardium

HESI A2 (1 decks)

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