anatomy pearls

Question 1

drainage of left testicular vein

Answer 1

left renal vein

Question 2

drainage of right testicular vein

Answer 2

IVC

Question 3

gerota’s fascia

Answer 3

surrounds kidney

Question 4

prominent collateral circulations seen in portal htn

Answer 4

esophageal varices, hemorrhoids, patent umbilical vein, retroperitoneal vein via lumbar tributaries

Question 5

retroperitoneal GI parts

Answer 5

most of the duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon, pancreas

Question 6

gubernaculum

Answer 6

embryologic structure that adheres the testes to the scrotum - helps manipulate testes during indirect hernia repair

Question 7

artery eroded by duodenal ulcers

Answer 7

gastroduodenal ulcurs

Question 8

lymph nodes between pec major and minor

Answer 8

rotter’s nodes

Question 9

is the left vagus nerve anterior or posterior

Answer 9

anterior; remember that the esophagus rotates during development

Question 10

morrison’s pouch

Answer 10

hepatorenal recess; the most posterior cavity w/in peritoneal cavity

Question 11

foregut

Answer 11

mouth to ampulla of vater

Question 12

midgut

Answer 12

ampulla of vater to distal third of transverse colon

Question 13

hindgut

Answer 13

distal third of transverse colon to anus

Question 14

where are the blood vessels on a rib

Answer 14

vein, artery, nerve are underneath the rib; thoracintesis needles go above

Question 15

order of femoral vessels

Answer 15

NAVEL (lateral to medial)

Question 16

hesselbach’s triangle

Answer 16

area bordered by inguinal ligament, epigastric bessels, and lateral border of the rectus sheath

Question 17

nerve located on top of spermatic cord

Answer 17

ileoinguinal nerve

Question 18

calot’s triangle

Answer 18

area bordered by cystic duct, common hepatic duct, cystic artery

Question 19

calot’s node

Answer 19

lymph node found in calot’s triangle

Question 20

what separates the right and left lobes of the liver

Answer 20

cantle’s line - a line drawn from the IVC to just left of the gallbladder fossa

Question 21

gastrinoma triangle

Answer 21

triangle where >90% of gastrinomas are located, bordered by junction of 2nd and 3rd portions of duodenum, cystic duct, and pancreatic neck

Question 22

which artery is responsible for anterior spinal syndrome

Answer 22

artery of adamkiewicz

Question 23

mcburney’s point

Answer 23

one third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus (estimate the position of the appendix)

Question 24

how can you find the appendix after you find the cecum

Answer 24

trace the taeniae back as they converge on the origin of the appendix

Question 25

where is the space of retzius

Answer 25

preperitoneal space anterior to the bladder

Question 26

what are the white lines of toldt

Answer 26

lateral peritoneal reflections of the ascending and descending colon

Question 27

what is the strongest layer of the small bowel

Answer 27

submucosa (not the serosa; think SUbmucosa, SUperior)

Question 28

which parts of the GI tract do not have a serosa

Answer 28

esophagus, middle and sital rectum

Question 29

what is the vein that overlies the pylorus

Answer 29

vein of mayo

Question 30

what is the pouch of douglas

Answer 30

pouch between the rectum and bladder or uterus

Question 31

what does the thoracic duct empty into

Answer 31

left subclavian vein, left internal jugular vein junction

Question 32

what is the coronary vein

Answer 32

left gastric vein

Question 33

what is the hypogastric artery

Answer 33

internal iliac artery

Question 34

which is longer, the left or right renal vein

Answer 34

left

Question 35

what are the layers of the adbominal wall

Answer 35

1 skin, fat 2 scarpa's fascia 3 external oblique 4 internal obligue 5 transversus abdominis 6 transversalis fascia 7 preperitoneal fat 8 peritoneum

Question 36

what are the plicae circulares

Answer 36

plicae = fold, circulars = circular. the circular folds of mucosa of the small bowel

Question 37

what is another name for the plicae circulares

Answer 37

valvulae conniventes

Question 38

what are the major structural differences between the jejenum and the ileum

Answer 38

jejunum - long vasa rectae, large plicae, thicker walls. ileum - shorter vasa rectae, smaller plicae, thinner walls (think ileum - inferior inferior inferior)

Question 39

what are the major anatomic differences between the colon and the small bowel

Answer 39

colon has taeniae coli, haustra, and appendices epiploicae (fat appendages), whereas the small intestine is smooth

Question 40

how far up does the diaphragm extend

Answer 40

to the nipples in men (4th intercostal space, thus the abdomen extends to the level of the nipples)

Question 41

what dermatome is at the umbilicus

Answer 41

T10

Question 42

what are the major layers of an artery

Answer 42

adventitia, media, intima