Anatomy of the thoracic wall

Question 1

Components of thoracic cage

Answer 1

A bony and cartilaginous structure:

1. Sternum
2. Ribs (24) with costal cartilages
3. Thoracic Vertebrae (12)

Question 2

Functions of thoracic cage

Answer 2

1. Protect vital thoracic and abdominal organs (e.g. heart and lungs) from external forces
2. Provide anchoring attachment for muscles (thorax, abdomen, neck, back, respiration and upper limbs)
   (3. Resist negative internal pressures generated by elastic recoil of the lungs and inspiratory movements)
   (4. Provide attachment for and support the weight of upper limbs)

Question 3

Superior thoracic aperture (inlet of thoracic cavity) boundary

Answer 3

1. Posteriorly by vertebra T1
2. Laterally by 1st pair of ribs and their costal cartilages
3. Anteriorly by superior border of manubrium