Anatomy of the Somatic Nervous System

Question 1

If you were to split the nervous system by location..?

Answer 1

Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord)

Peripheral Nervous System (cranial and spinal nerves)

Question 2

If you were to split the nervous system by function..?

Answer 2

Somatic Nervous System (skin, skeletal system and bone)

Autonomic Nervous System (cardiac and smooth muscle, blood vessels and viscera)

Question 3

anatomy of nervous tissue

Answer 3

Neurones
Glial cells: connective tissue
Schwann cells: insulation and metabolic support
Microglia: immune cells
Astrocytes: structural support

Question 4

types of neurones

Answer 4

multipolar (motor) -retina
bipolar (sensory)- retina
unipolar (sensory)

Question 5

what is an oligodendrocyte

Answer 5

Same as schwann cells but in the central nervous system. They myelinated several cells whereas a schwann cell only myelinated one.

Question 6

what protects the CNS?

Answer 6

Bone (skull and vertebral column)
Meninges (dura, arachnoid, pia)
Cerebrospinal Fluid (present in the subarachnoid space)

Question 7

What is found in grey matter?

Answer 7

neuronal cell bodies, myelinated and unmyelinated axons, glial cells and capillaries

Question 8

what is found in white matter?

Answer 8

myelinated axon tracts

Question 9

Where do you find the cell bodies of motor neurone?

Answer 9

Ventral horn

Question 10

what is found in the lateral horns?

Answer 10

autonomic motor neurone cell bodies

Question 11

where do you find sensory cell bodies?

Answer 11

dorsal root ganglion

Question 12

what is a dermatome?

Answer 12

area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve

Question 13

how many spinal nerves are there?

Answer 13

31

Question 14

Describe the structure of a peripheral nerve

Answer 14

Endoneurium: Surrounds axons
Perineurium: Surrounds fascicles (bundle of axons)
Epineurium: Surrounds entire nerve