Anatomy Of The Shoulder With Arthroscopy Flashcards
What bones make up the shoulder?
Humerus, Scapula & Clavicle
The bones of the shoulder are connected by how many synovial joints?
Three
What are the synovial joints of the shoulder?
The glenohumeral joint, the acromiclaviculat joint and the sternoclavicular joint
The sternoclavicular joint connects the medial aspect of the clavicle to the _______ ?
Manubrium
The Acromioclavicular or (AC) joint connects the distal articulating surface of the clavicle to the ______?
Acrimoion process of the scapula
The AC joint is stabilized by how many ligaments?
Three
What ligament connects the articulating surfaces of the distal head of the clavicle to the acromion process?
The acromioclavicular ligament
ligaments anchor the distal aspect of the clavicle inferiorly to the _______?
Coracoid process
The glenohumeral joint is made up of which two structures?
Glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus
What are the static restraints of the glenohumeral joint?
The glenoid labrum and the joint capsule which contains the glenohumeral ligaments
What are the 3 ligaments of the joint capsule
Superior Glenohumeral Ligament
(SGHL)
Middle Glenohumeral Ligament (MGHL)
Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament
(IGHL)
The SGHL connects medially to the Supraglenoid tubercle and laterally at the ________?
Superior aspect of the lesser tuberosity on the humerus
Laterally the SGHL makes up the _______ or _________
Bicep sling or medial pulley
The medial pulley that houses the long head of the bicep tendon consists of the __________ & __________?
The SGHL (which is the deep floor of the pulley)
&
The Coracohumeral Ligament (which is the superficial roof of the pulley)
What ligaments limit superior translation and external rotation when the arm is ADducted ?
The SGHL or Superior glenohumeral ligament
What ligament is inferior to the SGHL?
The MGHL or Middle Glenohumeral Ligament
What ligament passes obliquely posterior to the Subscapularis tendon?
The MGHL
The MGHL originates from the anterior/superior surface of the ________ and the __________
Labrum & Glenoid Neck Medially
The MGHL inserts where?
Laterally on the lesser tuberosity of the humerus
What ligament functions to limit anterior and posterior humeral translation with the arm abducted and externally rotated?
The MGHL
Note: also a secondary stabilizer to inferior translation in ADduction
Which ligament is referred to as a hammock or a axillary pouch?
The inferior glenohumeral ligament complex
The ______complex is the most important restraint of the Glenohumeral joint with the arm externally rotated in neutral and abducted position?
IGHL (Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament)
When the arm is ABducted which ligament limits inferior translation of the humeral head?
The Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (IGHL)
With the arm ABducted and externally rotated what limits anterior translation of the humeral head?
The Anterior Band of the IGHL
When the arm is Abducted and internally rotated, what prevents posterior translation?
The posterior band of the IGHL
What are the dynamic constraints of the shoulder?
Muscles , Tendons, Bursa and recesses
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff from anterior to posterior?
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
What shape is the Subscapularis muscle and where does it originate and insert?
Large triangle
Originates on the Subscapular Fossa
Insets on the lesser tuberosity of the numerous
What is the triangle space between the Subscapularis anteriorly and supraspinatus superiorly
The rotator interval which is used by surgeons to place anterior portals
Where does the supraspinatus originate and insert?
Supraspinous Fossa and the greater tuberosity of the humeral head
The infraspinatus and the teres minor both originate on the ?
Infraspinous Fossa
The supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor all insert on ?
The greater tuberosity of the humerus
What anatomical variant of the humeral head indicates the transition between the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendon?
The “bare area”
and is a subtle triangle
What arteries make the Arterial supply of the shoulder complex?
The aortic arch
Brachioceohalic trunk
Subclavian Artery
Axillary artery
Brachial artery
List the venous return of the shoulder complex distal to medial
Brachial, cephalic, basilica, Axillary , subclavian, brachiocephalic and superior vena cava
What nerve innervates the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus?
The suprascaplular nerve
What nerve innervates the deltoid, long head of the triceps and teres minor of the rotator cuff
Axillary Nerve
What nerve provides motor function to the anterior compartment of the arm?
The musculocutaneous nerve
