Anatomy of the Periodontium

Question 1

What are the 4 tissues of the periodontium?

Answer 1

Gingiva
PDL
Cementum
Alveolar Bone

Question 2

____ is the oral masticatory mucosa that surrounds the cervical portion of teeth and covers the alveolar process of the maxilla and mandible.

Answer 2

Gingiva

Question 3

Free or unattached, cufflike tissue surrounding the teeth on facial, lingual, and interproximal surfaces:

Answer 3

Marginal gingiva

can also be called unattached or free gingiva

Question 4

The most coronal portion of the gingiva is called the…?

Answer 4

Gingival margin

Question 5

What is the gingival sulcus and how is it formed?

Answer 5

It is the space formed by tooth and sulcular epithelium (laterally) and the coronal end of the junctional epithelium (apically)

Question 6

What approximate measurement of the gingival sulcus would be considered within normal limits?

Answer 6

1mm - 3mm

Question 7

The ____ _____ _____ divides free gingiva from attached gingiva.

Answer 7

free gingival groove

Question 8

True or False:

Free gingival grooves are found in 100% of patients.

Answer 8

False.

Free gingival grooves are found only in 50% of patients.

Question 9

How is interdental papilla attached to the tooth?

Answer 9

attached to the tooth by the junctional epithelium and connective tissue fibers

Question 10

When a gingival ___ is present, there is a valley-like depression of the interproximal contact areas.

Answer 10

Col

Question 11

What does the gingival col connect?

Answer 11

lingual and buccal interdental papilla

Question 12

True or False:

When teeth are not in contact, the gingival col is absent.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Which type of epithelium is susceptible to inflammation and disease progression?

Answer 13

Nonkeratinized epithelium

Question 14

Nonkeratinized epithelium surrounding and attaching to the tooth on one side, and the gingival connective tissue on the other side?

Answer 14

Junctional epithelium

Question 15

Name ALL the different types of gingival fibers

Answer 15

Circular
Dentogingival
Dentoperiosteal
Alveogingival
Transseptal

Question 16

Function of gingival fibers: What is the function of circular fibers?

Answer 16

encircle each tooth in a cufflike fashion within the free gingiva

Question 17

Function of gingival fibers: What is the function of dentogingival fibers?

Answer 17

They are embedded within the cementum; fan outward into the attached gingiva to the tooth

Question 18

Function of gingival fibers: What is the function of dentoperiosteal fibers?

Answer 18

They are embedded in the same portion of the cementum as the dentogingival fibers

Question 19

Function of gingival fibers: What is the function of alveogingival fibers?

Answer 19

inserted in the crest of the alveolar process and splay out through lamina propria into the free gingiva

Question 20

Function of gingival fibers: What is the function of transseptal fibers?

Answer 20

They are embedded in the cementum; run a horizontal path from adjacent teeth

Question 21

What is the color of healthy gingiva?

Answer 21

coral pink or consistent with the degree of skin pigmentation

Question 22

What is the color of diseased gingiva?

Answer 22

bright red, dark red/blue

Question 23

What is the consistency of a healthy patient’s gingiva?

Answer 23

Firm, resilient

Question 24

What is the consistency of a diseased gingiva?

Answer 24

Soft and spongy

Dents easily when pressed with a probe, bleeds upon probing, fibrotic

Question 25

What is the surface texture of healthy gingiva?

Answer 25

Free gingiva: smooth

Attached gingiva: stippled

Question 26

What is the surface texture of diseased gingiva?

Answer 26

Loss of stippling, shiny, nodular, and hyperkeratotic