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Nervous system > Anatomy of the NS I > Flashcards

Anatomy of the NS I Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of a neuron

A

dendrite, axon, soma

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2
Q

3 types of neuron

A

Sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron

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3
Q

other cells of NS besides neurons

A

GLIA: oligodendrocytes, schwan cells, astrocytes, microglia

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4
Q

wherea are oligodendrocytes and schwann cells located?

A

oligodendrocytes: cns

schwann cells: pns

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5
Q

where are satellite cells located?

A

pns

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6
Q

what is the function of satellite cells?

A

they surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia

they regulate gas, nutrient and neurotransmitter levels around neurons in ganglia

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7
Q

What is the function of Schwann cells?

A
  • surround axons in PNS
  • myelination of peripheral axons
  • participate in the repair process after injury
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8
Q

What is the function of oligodendrocytes?

A
  • myelination of CNS axons

- provision of structural framework

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9
Q

What is the function of astrocytes?

A
  • maintaining the blood-capillary barrier
  • provision of structural support
  • regulation of ion, gas, and nutrient concentrations
  • absorption and recycling of neurotransmitters
  • formation of post-injury scar tissue
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10
Q

What is the function of microglia?

A

-removal of cell debris, waste, and pathogens by phagocytosis

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11
Q

Ependymal cells are found from?

A

CNS

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12
Q

What is the function of ependymal cells?

A

Lining the ventricles of the brain and the central canal (spinal cord)
-assistance in the production, circulation, and monitoring of the cerebrospinal fluid

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13
Q

Which structures form the CNS?

A

brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

Which structures form the PNS?

A

nerves and ganglia

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15
Q

What types of tracts there exist in NS?

A

Ascending (sensorial) tracts

Descending (motor) tracts

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16
Q

What types of nerves there are?

A

Affarent(sensory) nerves

Efferent (motor) nerves

17
Q

Affarent nerve

A

(pseudo-) unipolar neurons conducting impulses from sensoriaö organs to the CNS

18
Q

Efferent nerve

A

Multipolar neurons conducting impulses from the CNS to effector organs (muscles and glands)

19
Q

What are the first steps of the development of nervous system?

A 
Neural plate (shaping)
Notochord and folding
Elevation (neural crests)
Convergence (neural crests)
Closure of neural tube
Epidermis develops

Nervous system (1 decks)

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