Anatomy of the Nervous System

Question 1

What makes up the Central Nervous System?

Answer 1

Brain
Spinal chord

Question 2

Two subsystems of the Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 2

Somatic
Autonomic

Question 3

Role of the Somatic nervous system

Answer 3

Interacts with the external environment

Question 4

Role of afferent nerves

Answer 4

brings sensory signals to the CNS (Arrive)

Question 5

Role of efferent nerves

Answer 5

brings motor signals from the CNS (Exit)

Question 6

Role of Automatic nervous system

Answer 6

regulates internal environment

Question 7

Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic in the ANS

Answer 7

Sympathetic mobilises energy and Parasympathetic conserves

Question 8

Axons

Question 9

Dendrites

Question 10

Synapses

Answer 10

point of specialised connection between two neurons

Question 11

Neuronal Classification

Answer 11

1. Number of processes
2. Length of axon
3. Shape of cell body

Question 12

Number of processes

Answer 12

Bipolar - one dendrite
Multipolar - more than one dendrite

Question 13

Length of axon

Answer 13

Golgi type 1/projection - long axon to target
Golgi type 2 - interneurons - shorter + within a structure

Question 14

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 14

Glia cells that wrap around neurons, produce myelin which insulates some axons in order to speed up conduction - AP jumps to nodes of ranvier

Question 15

Astrocytes

Answer 15

cover the outer surface of blood vessels in the brain - contract or relax based on blood flow demand of brain regions

Question 16

Blood brain barrier

Answer 16

Blood vessel walls are tightly packed in the brain to create a barrier