Anatomy of the knee joint Flashcards
Why do we have collateral ligaments?
to prevent the tibia from moving side to side
What structure is highlighted?
Lateral meniscus
What is the purpose of the infrapatellar fat pad?
space filler
What structure is highlighted in green?
Superficial infrapatellar bursa
What articulations make up the knee joint?
The patella and the femur
the femur and the tibia
What is the purpose of the prepatellar bursa?
To allow the skin to move smoothly over the patella
What is the purpose of the anterior cruciate ligament?
to prevent posterior displacement of the femur
What structure is this?
Medial condyle of femur
What structure is highlighted?
Anterior cruciate ligament
What is the purpose of the posterior cruciate ligament?
to prevent anterior displacement of the femur
What structure is highlighted?
medial collateral ligament
What structure is highlighted here?
lateral collateral ligament
What structure is highlighted in green?
infrapatellar fat pad
Which meniscus is the largest?
The medial meniscus
What structure is highlighted?
posterior cruciate ligament
What are the purpose of the menisci?
- To increase the surface area of contact between the femoral condyles and tibial plateau
- which has a cushioning act as the femur bears it’s load on the tibia
- it also spreads synovial fluid around the joint
The knee joint is a modified hinge joint. This means that it can perform what movements?
- flexion
- extension
- slight rotation
True or false?
The suprapatella bursa is a fluid filled sac
false
in health, a bursa is not inflamed of filled with fluid
What structure is highlighted in green?
Patellar ligament
What structure is this?
lateral condyle of femur
What is the medial meniscus tethered/attached to?
- the medial collateral ligament
- the tibial plateau
What structure is highlighted in green?
deep infrapatellar bursa
What structure is highlighted in green?
suprapatellar bursa
What structure is highlighted?
Oblique popliteal ligament
Where does the lateral collateral ligament attach?
lateral femoral epicondyle
head of fibula
Where does the medial collateral ligament attach?
medial epicondyle
tibia
What structure is highlighted here?
medial meniscus
What structure is highlighted in green?
Quadriceps tendon
What structure is highlighted?
Intercondylar ridge of tibia
What are the 2 purposes of the patella?
- hold the quadriceps tendon away from the joint surfaces
- protects the quadriceps tendon as it passes over the femoral condyles
Where does the anterior cruciate ligament attach?
- medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle
- medial aspect of the intercondylar ridge
What is the purpose of the suprapatella bursa?
To allow for the smooth movement of one surface (quadriceps tendon) over another surface (femoral condyles)
What structure is highlighted?
lateral epicondyle of femur
Where does the posterior cruciate ligament attach?
the lateral aspect of medial epicondyle
lateral aspect of the intercondylar ridge
Why is the lateral meniscus mobile, compared to the immobile medial meniscus?
it is not tethered to the lateral collateral ligament or the tibial plateau
What structure is this?
Intercondylar notch
What structure is highlighted?
medial epicondyle of femur
What structure is highlighted?
tibial plateau
