Anatomy of the hip joint Flashcards
What are the two functions of the hip ligaments?
- to reinforce the hip joint
- to limit hip extension
Where is the joint capsule found in the hip?
running from the articular margin of the acetabulum
to the neck of femur
What is the risk of an intracapsular fracture in older people?
Avascular necrosis
What is the function of the acetabular labrum?
It lines the acetabular rim of the hip joint, providing stability
Where does the femoral head sit?
within the acetabulum
Why does the ligamentum teres no longer provide the blood supply to the femoral head as we get older?
The artery becomes stenosed by wear and tear
What structure is highlighted?
The synovial membrane
Where does the pubo-femoral ligament attach?
the pubis to the femur
What structure is highlighted here?
The transverse acetabular ligament
What structure is highlighted?
The ischio-femoral ligament
Why is a dynamic hip screw not suitable to heal a neck of femur fracture in an older patient? What is used instead?
- There is no blood supply from the ligamentum teres, only the retinacular vessels in the femoral neck
- this means that a NOF fracture disrupts the blood supply to the femoral head
- a hemi or total arthroplasty is used instead
What is the significance of the hip ligaments limiting hip extension?
It saves energy by allowing us to keep upright without having to use all of our muscles
What are the 2 blood supplies to the head of femur?
- via the retinacular vessels
- ligamentum teres
Which ligament attaches to the fovea?
Ligamentum teres
Which structure is highlighted?
Acetabulum
What structure is highlighted?
The pubo-femoral ligament
Which ligament passes from the ilium to the femur?
The ilio-femoral ligament
What is the non-articular surface of the hip joint lined by?
The synovial membrane
What are the articular surfaces of the hip lined with?
Hyaline cartilage
Which ligament passes posteriorly on the hip joint?
The ischio-femoral ligament
passes from the ischium to the femur
What blood supply is being disrupted by a intracapsular neck of femur fracture?
the retinacular vessels
What is a total arthroplasty?
where the socket and femoral head is replaced
What structure is highlighted?
Acetabular labrum
What is a hemi-arthroplasty?
a partial hip replacement, where just the femoral head is replaced
In a younger person, we need to bring the femoral head and ligamentum teres close together for a hip fracture to heal.
How do we do this?
With a dynamic hip screw
What structure is highlighted?
ilio-femoral ligament
What structure is highlighted?
The ligamentum teres
Where does the articular cartilage of the hip source its nutrients from?
Synovial fluid
What structure provides a blood supply to the ligamentum teres?
The obturator artery
