Anatomy of the Hand and Wrist Flashcards
Most flexors of the forearm attach to where?
Medial epicondyle
What are the anterior muscles of the forearm?
-
Brachioradialis (orange)
- Elbow flexion
- Medial nerve
-
Pronator teres (blue)
- Elbow flexion
- Medial nerve
-
Flexor carpe ulnaris (orange – medial)
- Wrist flexion
- Wrist adduction
- Ulnar nerve
-
Flexor carpi radialis (yellow)
- Wrist flexion
- Wrist abduction
- Supplied by radial nerve, which is unusual as most flexors by median nerve
-
Pulmaris longus (green)
- Not everyone has, and not always in both arms
What movement is produced by the brachioradialis?
Elbow flexion
What nerve supplies the brachioradialis?
Median nerve
What movement is produced by the pronator teres?
Elbow flexion
What nerve supplies the pronator teres?
Median nerve
What movements are produced by flexor carpe ulnaris?
Wrist flexion
Wrist adduction
What nerve supplies the flexor carpe ulnaris?
Ulnar nerve
What movements are produced by the flexor carpe radialis?
- Wrist flexion
- Wrist abduction
What nerve supplies the flexor carpi radialis?
- Supplied by radial nerve, which is unusual as most flexors by median nerve
What is an anterior muscle of the forearm that not everyone has?
- Pulmaris longus (green)
How does using muscles of the anterior forearm together differ from using them seperately?
Using muscles together produces flexion of wrist, but individually is adduction/abduction
Where do the posterior muscles of the forearm attach to?
Lateral epicondyle
What are the posterior muscles of the forearm?
-
Extensor carpi ulnaris (pink)
- Extension of wrist
- Adduction of wrist
- Radial nerve
-
Extensor carpi radialis longus (blue)
- Extension of wrist
- Abduction of wrist
- Radial nerve
-
Extensor carpi radialis brevis (yellow)
- Extension of wrist
- Abduction of wrist
- Radial nerve
What movements are produced by extensor carpi ulnaris?
- Extension of wrist
- Adduction of wrist
What movements are produced by extensor carpi radialis longus?
- Extension of wrist
- Abduction of wrist
What movements are produced by extensor carpi radialis brevis?
- Extension of wrist
- Abduction of wrist
What nerve supplies the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Radial nerve
What nerve supplies the extensor carpi radialis?
Radial nerve
What nerve supplies the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Radial nerve
What muscles are found deep to the superficial flexors of the forearm?
- One intermediate flexor
- Still attaches to medial epicondyle
-
Flexor digitorum superficialis
- Fingers have 3 phalanges, it attaches after the second
- Assists in flexion of every joint it crosses
- Flexion of: elbow, wrist, metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints
- Supplied by median nerve
- Then two deep flexors
- Does not attach to medial epicondyle (so not elbow flexors like the rest – only cross wrist joint)
-
Flexor digitortum profundus
- Does not do flexion at elbow as doesn’t cross it, but cross last phalangeal joint of fingers
- So, flexion of: wrist, metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints, and distal metaphalangeal joints
- Medial side supplied by median nerve, lateral side by radial nerve
-
Flexor pollicis longus
- Flexion of thumb (interphalangeal joint of the thumb)
- Supplied by median nerve
What does the digitorum superficialis attach to?
- Medial epicondyle
- Fingers have 3 phalanges, it attaches after the second
What movements are produced by the flexor digitorum superficialis?
- Assists in flexion of every joint it crosses
- Flexion of: elbow, wrist, metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints