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OABP 1 > Anatomy Of The Eyelids > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Eyelids Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the eyebrows?

A

Emotion (facial expression)
Protection

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2
Q

What are the muscles of facial expression?

A

Frontalis elevates eyebrow
Orbital portion of the orbicularis oculi lowers eyebrow and closes the lid
Innervated by 7 (facial nerve)

Procerus depresses medial eyebrow
Corrugator supercilii pulls eyebrow medially
(Fast puppies obtain chocolate)

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3
Q

What is facial nerve palsy?

A

Problem with 7th cranial nerve
Eyes cannot close and dry out

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4
Q

What are the functions of the eyelids (palpebrae)?

A

Protect eye from injury
Protect eye from excessive light
Spread tears

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5
Q

Locate the anatomy of the eyelid.

A

Orbital portion
Tarsal portion
Superior palpebral sulcus
Inferior palpebral sulcus
Palpebral fissure (9-10mm)
Lateral canthus
Medial canthus

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6
Q

What is the anatomy of the medial canthus?

A

Caruncle
Pelican semilunaris
Papilla
Lacrimal punctum
Pores of meibomian gland
Cilia

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7
Q

What are the dimensions of the lid margin?

A

30mm in length
2mm in width

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8
Q

Describe the cilia on the lid margin.

A

In anterior lamella
2 rows superior
1 row interior

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9
Q

Describe the puncta on the lid margin.

A

Superior and inferior in canthal region
Opening within lacrimal papilla

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10
Q

Describe the mucocutaneous junction of the lid margin.

A

Junction between skin an palpebral conjunctiva

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11
Q

Gray line

A

Surgical landmark separating anterior and posterior lamella

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12
Q

Clinical correlates of lid margin?

A

Trichiasis
Epicanthic folds

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13
Q

What is the anatomy of the anterior lamella (lid anatomy)?

A

Eyelid skin
Orbicularis muscle
Lashes
Glands
Levator aponeurosis
“Even old Larry got lit”

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14
Q

What is the anatomy of the posterior lamella (lid anatomy)?

A

Tarsal (meibomian glands)
Palpebral conjunctiva
Accessory lacrimal glans
Muller muscle

“The pig ate mud”

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15
Q

What are the muscles of the eyelid and their functions?

A

Orbicularis oculi (lid closure, tear maintenance)
Levator (raises lid)
Muller’s muscle (superior tarsal muscle) assists levator
Inferior tarsal muscle (depresses the inferior lid)

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16
Q

What are the parts of the orbicularis oculi? What nerve innervates it?

A

Orbital – voluntary: closes the lids and lowers the brow
Palpebral – involuntary: blink
Lacrimal (Horner’s muscle) – moves tears
Ciliary (muscle of Riolan) – maintains lid apposition (next to eye)

7th (facial) nerve

17
Q

What are the glands of the anterior lamella?

A

Glands of Zeiss- sebaceous
Glands of Moll- Sweat

18
Q

What are the glands of the posterior lamella?

A

Meibomian glands- sebaceous
Accessory lacrimal glands- aqueous portion of tears

19
Q

Describe sensory innervate on to eyebrow and eyelids.

A

Through CN5
V1 innervates upper eyelids, nose, medial forehead
V2 innervates lateral eyelid, cheek, upper lip
V3 innervates lateral forehead, part of ear, lower cheek, lower lip

20
Q

Arterial lid vasculature

A

Peripheral arcade- ICA
Marginal arcade- ECA
Highly vascularized supplies by internal and external

21
Q

Venous lid vasculature

A

Outer- jugular
Inner- ophthalmic, cavernous sinus

22
Q

Superfical lid lymphatics

A

Drain skin and orbicularis

23
Q

Deep lid lymphatics

A

Drain tarsal plate and conjunctiva

Eventually drains into superfical parotid nodes and submandibular nodes

24
Q

Motor lid innervation

A

Open lid – III to levator
Close lid – VII to orbicularis

25
Q

Sensory lid innervation

A

V1 to upper lid (lacrimal, supra-orbital, supratrochlear)
V1 (lacrimal) and V2 (infraorbital) to lower lid
V1 (infratrochlear) to medial commissure

26
Q

Autonomic lid innervation

A

Open lid – sympathetic to Muller muscle

27
Q

What is the purpose of the structure surrounding the eyeball?

A

Maintains eye position keeping it controlled as you look around.

28
Q

Describe tenon’s capsule (fascia bulbi).

A

Envelope of connective tissue
Protection
Attachment of EOM’s
Fuses with optic nerve sheath posteriorly
Intermuscular septum anteriorly

29
Q

Describe what surrounds the eyeball from the outside in.

A

Outer
Bulbar conjunctiva
Tenon’s capsule (from optic nerve to limbus)
Episclera
Sclera
Inner

30
Q

What are the purposes of check ligaments and the suspensory ligaments?

A

Check ligaments prevent eyeball from overshooting
Suspensory ligaments expends from lateral to medial check ligaments, prevent the eyeball from uncontrollable movement.

31
Q

Describe the orbital septum.

A

Supports the lid
Membranous fibrous sheet
Separates the lid and the fat that fills the orbit

32
Q

Describe the tarsal plates.

A

Maintains firmness and shape of lid
Dense fibrous connective tissue
Superiorly 10-11mm; inferiorly 5mm

OABP 1 (11 decks)

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