Anatomy of the Cell

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

contains DNA, pattern for building all proteins for the cell

Question 2

Nuclear envelope

Answer 2

-membrane around nucleus, DNA cannot cross it

Question 3

Nucleolus

Answer 3

-area in nucleus, site of rRNA synthesis

Question 4

Chromatin

Answer 4

unwound DNA inside nucleus

Question 5

Nuclear pore

Answer 5

opening in nuclear envelope

Question 6

cytoskeleton

Answer 6

several different types, internal cell scaffolding

Question 7

cytoplasm

Answer 7

semi-soli substance, fills space between plasma membrane and nucleus, composed of organelles suspended in cytosol

Question 8

plasma membrane

Answer 8

outer boundary of cell, lipid bilayer, regulates what enters or leaves the cell

Question 9

Ribosomes

Answer 9

composed of rRNA and proteins, site of mRNA translation, free ribosomes are in cytoplasm, fixed ribosomes stud outside of RER

Question 10

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

membranous organelle, network of channels, site of protein synthesis

Question 11

Mitochondion

Answer 11

membranous organelle, bean-shaped, site of ATP synthesis

Question 12

Lysosome

Answer 12

membrane-bound vesicle, contains hydrolytic enzymes

Question 13

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 13

membranous organelle, forms tube-like structure, site of lipid synthesis

Question 14

centriole

Answer 14

paired organelle, organizes spindle fibers during mitosis

Question 15

golgi apparatus

Answer 15

membranous organelles, forms stacks of plates, proteins packaged for secretion

Question 16

Transport vesicle

Answer 16

membrane-bound vesicle, transports substances throughout the cell