Anatomy of the brain

Question 1

What is apraxia?

Answer 1

– Lesion to premotor cortex
– Loss of the knowledge of learned skilled movements
– Despite preservation of power, sensation and coordination

Question 2

What is Akinesia?

Answer 2

– Lesion to supplementary motor area
– Inability to voluntarily initiate movement

Question 3

What is paralysis?

Answer 3

• Lesion to primary motor cortex , pre- central gyrus (contralateral side)

Question 4

What is agnosia?

Answer 4

• Lesions in somato sensory association area
• Inability to understand the significance of sensory information

Question 5

What is cortical blindness?

Answer 5

1- Lesion in primary visual cortex
* Blindness in opposite visual field

2- Lesion to visual association area
* Visual disorientation/inability to recognise the extent of the visual field or perceive moving objects

Question 6

What is cortical deafness?

Answer 6

• Lesion in primary auditory cortex
• Inability to perceive sounds without damage to anatomy of the ear
• May still exhibit reflexes associated with hearing – E.g.turning head towards loud sound

Question 7

What is Aphasia?

Answer 7

• Damage to the language areas or their connections

Question 8

What is Alexia?

Answer 8

• Alexia=loss of ability to read–commonly occurs with aphasia
• Dyslexia = incomplete alexia

Question 9

What is Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 9

Hypokinetic disorder – tremor/akinesia

Question 10

What is Huntingtons disease?

Answer 10

Hyperkinetic disorder – jerky movements

Question 11

Name the functions of the cerebral lobes.

Answer 11