anatomy of heart Flashcards
describe the structure of blood
Blood vessels have valves in veins that prevent back flow of blood ,similar to the semilunar valves in the heart
Describe the difference in thickness of Tunica media in veins versus arteries according to histology view of blood vessels
In veins ,the tunica media is thinner compared to arteries in histology view of blood vessels
Describe the aortas structure and main section
The aorta is the largest artery in the body and has three main sections . Ascending aorta ,aortic arch and descending aorta
What is the location of the abdominal aorta
The abdominal aorta is located in the abdominal cavity
Define the pulmonary trunk and its origin
The pulmonary trunk arises from the right ventricles and divides into the left and right pulmonary arteries
Describe the function of the hepatic portal vein
Carries nutrient rich blood to the liver to be processed
Define the role of the pulmonary veins
They bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Do the superior and inferior vena cava drain blood into the same chamber of the heart
Yes both the superior and inferior vena cava drain blood into the right atrium
Describe the unique characteristics of the pulmonary veins among all veins
They are the only veins that carry oxygenated blood.
Describe the size of the heart
The size of a fist
Define the location of the heart within the body
The heart is located with the mediastinum of the thorax
How is the position of the heart described in relation to surrounding structure
The heart is bonded laterally by the lungs posteriorly by the vertebral column and anteriorly by the sternum
Do the apex and base of the heart have specific anatomical placements
Yes the apex exends slight to the left and lies on the diaphragm at approximately the 5th intercostal space while the base is where the great vessels emerge at the broadest part of the heart
Describe the division of the heart into chamber
The heart is divided into four chambers :two atria and two ventricles
Define the function of the atria in the heart
The atria are receiving chambers and are ineffective as pumps
How are the vents described in terms of their function in the heart
The ventricles are thick walled and are the discharging chambers, effective pumps that force blood out of the heart and into the major arteries
Describe the function of the atrioventricular valve
The av valve is lasted between an atrium and ventricle opening when the atrium contracts to allow blood flow into the relaxed ventricle and closing when the ventricles contract
Define semilunar valve and its location
The semilunar valve is located between a ventricle and a great vessel opening when the ventricle contracts to allow blood flow into great vessel and closing when blood flows back towards the ventricle
How many cusps does the tricuspid valve have and where is it located
The tricuspid valve ,the av valve has three flaplike cusps and is located between the right atrium and right ventricle
Do the mitral valve and bicuspid valve refer to the same valve
Yes the mitral valve and bicuspid valve are the same and refer to the left ave valve with two flaplike cusps located between the left atrium and left ventricle
Describe the pulmonary valve and its location
The pulmonary valve has three cusps and is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk regulation blood flow from the heart to the lungs
What are great vessels in the context of cardiovascular system
Great vessels are the large arteries and vein directly connected with the heart, including the inferior vena cava superior vena cava pulmonary arteries pulmonary veins and root of aorta
Describe the flow deoxygenated blood in the systemic and pulmonary circuits
Deoxygenated blood arrives to the right atrium flows through the tricuspid valve into the ventricle then through the pulonary valve to the lungs to become oxygenated
what happens when the left atrium contracts in the systemic and pulmonary circuits
Blood flows through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.
