anatomy of heart

Question 1

describe the structure of blood

Answer 1

Blood vessels have valves in veins that prevent back flow of blood ,similar to the semilunar valves in the heart

Question 2

Describe the difference in thickness of Tunica media in veins versus arteries according to histology view of blood vessels

Answer 2

In veins ,the tunica media is thinner compared to arteries in histology view of blood vessels

Question 3

Describe the aortas structure and main section

Answer 3

The aorta is the largest artery in the body and has three main sections . Ascending aorta ,aortic arch and descending aorta

Question 4

What is the location of the abdominal aorta

Answer 4

The abdominal aorta is located in the abdominal cavity

Question 5

Define the pulmonary trunk and its origin

Answer 5

The pulmonary trunk arises from the right ventricles and divides into the left and right pulmonary arteries

Question 6

Describe the function of the hepatic portal vein

Answer 6

Carries nutrient rich blood to the liver to be processed

Question 7

Define the role of the pulmonary veins

Answer 7

They bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 8

Do the superior and inferior vena cava drain blood into the same chamber of the heart

Answer 8

Yes both the superior and inferior vena cava drain blood into the right atrium

Question 9

Describe the unique characteristics of the pulmonary veins among all veins

Answer 9

They are the only veins that carry oxygenated blood.

Question 10

Describe the size of the heart

Answer 10

The size of a fist

Question 11

Define the location of the heart within the body

Answer 11

The heart is located with the mediastinum of the thorax

Question 12

How is the position of the heart described in relation to surrounding structure

Answer 12

The heart is bonded laterally by the lungs posteriorly by the vertebral column and anteriorly by the sternum

Question 13

Do the apex and base of the heart have specific anatomical placements

Answer 13

Yes the apex exends slight to the left and lies on the diaphragm at approximately the 5th intercostal space while the base is where the great vessels emerge at the broadest part of the heart

Question 14

Describe the division of the heart into chamber

Answer 14

The heart is divided into four chambers :two atria and two ventricles

Question 15

Define the function of the atria in the heart

Answer 15

The atria are receiving chambers and are ineffective as pumps

Question 16

How are the vents described in terms of their function in the heart

Answer 16

The ventricles are thick walled and are the discharging chambers, effective pumps that force blood out of the heart and into the major arteries

Question 17

Describe the function of the atrioventricular valve

Answer 17

The av valve is lasted between an atrium and ventricle opening when the atrium contracts to allow blood flow into the relaxed ventricle and closing when the ventricles contract

Question 18

Define semilunar valve and its location

Answer 18

The semilunar valve is located between a ventricle and a great vessel opening when the ventricle contracts to allow blood flow into great vessel and closing when blood flows back towards the ventricle

Question 19

How many cusps does the tricuspid valve have and where is it located

Answer 19

The tricuspid valve ,the av valve has three flaplike cusps and is located between the right atrium and right ventricle

Question 20

Do the mitral valve and bicuspid valve refer to the same valve

Answer 20

Yes the mitral valve and bicuspid valve are the same and refer to the left ave valve with two flaplike cusps located between the left atrium and left ventricle

Question 21

Describe the pulmonary valve and its location

Answer 21

The pulmonary valve has three cusps and is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk regulation blood flow from the heart to the lungs

Question 22

What are great vessels in the context of cardiovascular system

Answer 22

Great vessels are the large arteries and vein directly connected with the heart, including the inferior vena cava superior vena cava pulmonary arteries pulmonary veins and root of aorta

Question 23

Describe the flow deoxygenated blood in the systemic and pulmonary circuits

Answer 23

Deoxygenated blood arrives to the right atrium flows through the tricuspid valve into the ventricle then through the pulonary valve to the lungs to become oxygenated

Question 24

what happens when the left atrium contracts in the systemic and pulmonary circuits

Answer 24

Blood flows through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.

Question 25

Define the role of the aortic valve in the systemic and pulmonary circuits.

Answer 25

The aortic valve allows oxygenated blood to flow from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation.

Question 26

How does oxygenated blood return to the left atrium in the systemic and pulmonary circuits?

Answer 26

Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium from the pulmonary veins.

Question 27

Do the pulmonary veins carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood in the systemic and pulmonary circuits?

Answer 27

The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood back to the heart.

Question 28

Describe the structure of the blood vessels.

Answer 28

Blood vessels consist of three main layers: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica extern

Question 29

What is the function of the tunica media in blood vessels?

Answer 29

he tunica externa, the outermost layer of blood vessels, is composed of areolar/fibrous connective tissue and functions to provide support and protection.