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BIOLOGY class 11 > ANATOMY OF F. PLANTS > Flashcards

ANATOMY OF F. PLANTS Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of meristimatic tissue

A

Apical
Intercalary
Lateral or secondary

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2
Q

Primary meristem originate from

A

Promeristem

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3
Q

2nd dary meristem originate from

A

From permanent tissue as new meristem

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4
Q

1° meristem is found in

A

Stem tip, root tips and appendages

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5
Q

2°meristem is found

A

At vascular cambium, interf cam, cork cam and wood cam

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6
Q

Function of meristem

A

Increase in length and girth

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7
Q

Father of anatomy

A

N.grew

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8
Q

First studied the anatomy of veg plantz

A

Marcello mapighi and n .grew

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9
Q

Structure of meristimatic tissue

A 
Similar
thin cell wall 
no intercellular space
dense cyto, large nucleus
small vacuoles
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10
Q

Apical meristem present in

A

root tip shoot tip and auxillary bud

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11
Q

Function of apical

A

increase in length

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12
Q

Apical Cells differentiate into

A

permanent tissue

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13
Q

Intercalary meristem present in

A

base of leaves and internodes

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14
Q

Function of intercalary meritem

A

Increase in length of plant

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15
Q

intercalary cells differentiate into

A

permanent tissue

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16
Q

Lateral or secondary meristem present in

A

parallel to the long axis of stem ; mature roots and shoots

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17
Q

Lateral meristem function

A

increase in girth

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18
Q

Lateral meristem cells differentiate into

A

cambium and cork cambium

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19
Q

Examples of Lateral meristem

A

Fascicular vascular cam, interf cam, cork cam

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20
Q

Walls of parenchyma made of

A

cellulose or calcium pectin

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21
Q

The most common and least specialised plant tissue

A

Parenchyma

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22
Q

Parenchyma locations

A 
pith
cortex
roots
medullary of stems
mesophylls of leaves
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23
Q

Main function of parenchyma

A

Storage of food material

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24
Q

potato tubers store starch in the form of

A

amyloplasts

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25
Q

Other functions of parenchyma

A

1) photosynthesis
2) buoyancy
3) transport of water and minerals

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26
Q

Parenchyma in aquatic plants

A

arenchyma

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27
Q

Corners of collenchyma cells are thickened due to

A

Deposition of
cellulose
hemicellulose
pectin

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28
Q

Types of collenchyma

A

angular
lamellate
lacunate

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29
Q

Locations of Collenchyma tissues

A

1) below the epidermis in dicot stems
2) In petiole
3) Midrib of dicot leaves

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30
Q

Collenchyma is abesnt in

A

1) Dicot root

2) Monocot roots, stems and leaves

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31
Q

Main function of collenchyma

A

give mechanical support to the growing regions of plants like young stems and petiole of leaves

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32
Q

Other functions of collenchyma

A

1) provide tensile strength and flexibility

2) Manufacture sugar and starch

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33
Q

The dead plant tissue

A

Sclerenchyma

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34
Q

Cell walls of sclerenchyma is due to

A

lignin

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35
Q

Middle lamella in sclerenchyma is made up of

A

calcium pectate

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36
Q

types of sclerenchyma

A

fibres and sclereids

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37
Q

Locations of Sclerenchyma fibres

A 
where mechanical strength are req like :
petiole
leaves
cortex
around vascular bundles
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38
Q

Locations of Sclerenchyma sclereids

A 
fruit walls
pulp of fruits
seed coats of legumes 
leaves of tea
stony fruits
39
Q

Main function of sclerenchyma

A

Mechanical support
Due to lignin, they have high tensile strength
Withstand strong winds or other forces that bend the plants

40
Q

Types of xylem

A

tracheids
vessels
wood or xylem parenchyma
xylem or wood fibres

41
Q

Vascular bundles present in

A

stems roots and leaves

42
Q

Main water transporting elements in flowering plants

A

Tracheids and vessels

43
Q

Functions of tracheids

A

Give mechanical support

Form channels with vessels

44
Q

Tracheids are present in which types of plants

A

pteridophytes, gymnosperms and xylem of dicots

45
Q

Vessels are present in which types of plants

A

Angiosperms

Absent in gymnosperms ND PTERIDOPHYTES

46
Q

functions of vessels

A

Give mechanical support

Conduction of water and mineral salts

47
Q

Only living elements of xylem tissues

A

Wood or xylem parenchyma

48
Q

Vessels form

A

medullary rays

49
Q

Funcrions of vessels

A

Storage of food in the form of STARCH/FATs or TANNINS

Conduction of water by the ray parenchymatous cells

50
Q

Function of xylem or wood fibres

A

Give mechanical support

51
Q

Does xylem or wood fibres conduct water

A

No

52
Q

Two types of xylem according to their time of appearance

A

Primary and Secondary Xylem

53
Q

Types of Primary xylem according to their time of appearance

A

Protoxylem and metaxylem

54
Q

primary xylem is formed from

A

procambium

55
Q

Primary xylem brings about

A

Increase in length

56
Q

Which is formed first ..Protoxylem or metaxylem

A

Protoxylem

57
Q

How is the protoxylem lignified

A

only In rings or in spiral form.

therefore they are stretchable and are present in the elongating cells

58
Q

Which becomes non functional as plant matures…Proto or meta xylem

A

Protoxylem

59
Q

Metaxylem are functional till

A

Secondary growth in dicots

Throughout life in monocots

60
Q

Types of xylem in terms of the arrangement of protoxylem and metaxylem

A

Exarch
endarch
measarch
centrach

61
Q

The type of xylem present in roots

A

exarch

62
Q

The type of xylem present in stems

A

Endarch

63
Q

Arrangements of the Xylem (exarch..endarch..)

A 
Endarch = protoxylem ..Inside meta...outside
Exarch = protoxylem..Outside Meta... inside
Mesarch= protoxylem..middle
Centrach= protoxylem ...centre
64
Q

Types of phloem

A

Sieve tube
Companion cells
Phloem parenchyma
Phloem fibres

65
Q

The only dead Phloem tissue

A

phloem fibres

66
Q

Functions of sieve tubes controlled by

A

Nucleus of companion cells

67
Q

Companion cells are found only in which type of plant

A

Angiosperms

68
Q

____ + _____ come from the same mother cell

A

Sieve tube and companion cell.

Therefore, the death of one will result in the death of another

69
Q

Functions of companion cells

A

Maintaining pressure gradient in sieve tubes

Help sieve tube members in translocation of food materials

70
Q

Secondary phloem is formed from

A

Vascular cambium

71
Q

Phloem parenchyma is present only in (type of plants)

A

Dicots

72
Q

Functions of phloem parenchyma

A

Storage of food, resin , latex,mucilage,etc

Help in slow conduction of food esp to the sides

73
Q

The phloem tissue imp fro commercial production

A

Phloem or bast fibres

74
Q

What are special tissues

A

concerned with secretion and excretion

75
Q

The two types of Secretory tissues

A

Glandular and laticiferous tissues

76
Q

Epidermal tissue system is derived from

A

protoderm

77
Q

Epidermal tissue system consists of

A

Epidermal cells, stomata, trichomes and hair

78
Q

Cuticle is absent in

A

young roots

79
Q

root epidermis consists of

A

rhizodermis, epiblema, piliferous layer

80
Q

Function of cuticle

A

Check the excessive evaporation of water

81
Q

The stomatal apparatus includes

A

stomatal aperture, guard cell and subsidiary cell

82
Q

Shoot epidermis is also know as

A

Trichomes

83
Q

The two types of epidermal outgrowths

A

trichomes and emergences

84
Q

The main difference of emergences from trichomes

A

They are formed not only from epidermis but also from outer cortical cells

85
Q

ground tissue system is partly derived from

A

periblem and plerome

86
Q

Ground tissue system is of two types

A

extrastelar and intrastelar

87
Q

Extrastelar includes

A

cortex

88
Q

Intrastelar includes

A

pericycle , pith and medullary rays

89
Q

vascular tissues present in

A

Tracheophytes ( Gymnosperms, angiosperms and pteridophytes)

90
Q

In which is the cambium present? (open / closed)

A

Open

91
Q

Dicot are ___ and Monocots are ____ (in terms of open or closed)

A

Dicots are open and monocts are closed

92
Q

Types of conjoint

A

Collateral and Bicollateral

93
Q

Types of concentric

A

Amphicribral/ hadrocentric and amphivasal/ leptocentric

BIOLOGY class 11 (4 decks)

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