anatomy of eye Flashcards
Outline the anatomical categorisation of cataracts
Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts
Cortical
Nuclear
What is PSC?
occurs in front of posterior capsule, tends to have a plaque appearance
sufferers tend to have sensitivity to bright light i.e. sun or headlights, struggle with near vision (i.e. reading)
More prevalent in steroid users or diabetics
What is age-related cataracts?
75% over 75, 100% aged 100.
Tends to be PSC
Precipitating factors: UV light, steroids, DM, allergy, high or low blood pressure, infrared light and mental retardation
What is cortical cataracts?
Affects the lens fibres, where clefts and vacuoles form in between to give this spoke like appearance
Risk factors are UV exposure, drug usage, diabetes
What is congenital cataracts?
1/3 are inherited. Some are picked up right away, others are ‘Juvenile Cataracts’, spotted by age 12.
This can be total or partial
Partial is
What drug causes PSC?
CS’s
What drug causes yellowish deposits in the anterior capsule?
chlorpromazine
Name an ototoxic drug that affects the eye?
chemo
What cataracts can be caused by infectious disease?
Uveitis can lead to cataracts: through rubella, toxoplasmosis or CMV
Name three inherited conditions causing cataracts
retinitis pigmentosa, gyrate syndrome, stickler’s syndrome
Can cataracts be iatrogenic?
Yes, post-glaucoma operation, or parsplana vitrectomy
Name systemic diseases associated with cataracts
Skin: ongenital ectodermal dysplasia, Werner’s & Rothmund-Thomson’s syndrome
and atopic dermatitis (no eye lashes and swollen eyelids)
Connective tissue/skeletal disorders: myotonic dystrophy (Christmas tree pattern), Conradi’s,
Stickler’s and Marfan’s syndromes
Central nervous system : Marinesco-Sjorgren’s syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 2
Down’ssyndrome
