Anatomy of Da Vinci

Question 1

Where can you find the Vein of Galen?

Answer 1

AKA the great cerebral vein begins just below the pineal gland by the union of two pairs of veins;
>internal cerebral veins
>basal veins of Rosenthal.

The vein is short and valveless and curves backwards and upwards through the quadrigeminal cistern around the posterior border of the splenium of the corpus callosum to drain into the confluence of the inferior sagittal sinus and the straight sinus.

Question 2

Classic site of origin for skull base chondrosarcoma…

Answer 2

Petroclival synchondrosis

Question 3

Causes of compression at optic chiasm and its symptoms

Answer 3

Causes:

• pituitary adenoma
• craniopharyngioma
• meningioma

Symptoms:
Bitemporal Hemianopia

Question 4

What are the functions of Facial Nerve (CN VII)??

What are its branches of Facial Nerve??

Answer 4

Functions: facial expressions, taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue and parasympathetic fx of lacrimal glands and salivary glands

Two Zombies Buggered My Cat:
T- temporal
Z- zygomatic
B- buccal
M- mandibular
C- cervical

Question 5

What foramen do the branches of Trigeminal (CN V) pass through?

Answer 5

The trigeminal nerve travels from the lateral aspect of the pons&raquo_space; through Meckel’s cave to:

V1: Ophthalmic- Superior Orbital fissure
V2: Maxillary- Foramen Rotundum
V3: Mandibular- Foramen Ovale

Question 6

What are the contents of the Superior Orbital Fissure?

Answer 6

Loud French Tarts Sit Nakedly In Anticipation:
L: lacrimal nerve (branch of CN V1)
F: frontal nerve (branch of CN V1)
T: trochlear
S: superior division of CN III
N: nasocilliary Nerve (branch of CN V1)
I: Inferior division of CN III
A: abducens

Question 7

Location of Lacrimal gland vs Superior Oblique muscle

Answer 7

Lacrimal gland: supero-lateral aspect of orbit

Superior Oblique muscle: super-medial aspect of orbit

Question 8

Most commonly enlarged orbit muscle in Graves disease?

Answer 8

most common to least&raquo_space;

I’M SLOW

I-inferior
M-medial rectus
S-sup rectus
L- lateral rectus
O-sup oblique

Question 9

Implications of Choanal atresia and Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis in neonates

Answer 9

Because neonates are obligate nasal breathers, may cause respiratory distress during feeding
May cause difficulty passing nasogastric tube

Question 10

Renal artery pathway

Answer 10

The kidneys are usually supplied by a single main renal artery that arises from the aorta just inferior to the origin of the superior mesenteric artery

• The left renal artery travels posterior to the left renal vein
• The right renal artery passes posterior to the IVC and *left renal vein (CAUTION!! In the space between the aorta and the IVC, the flow direction is the same in both the Right renal Artery and Left renal Vein)

Question 11

Features of Normal Cervical lymph nodes vs Malignant on USS

Answer 11

Normal :Oval with a hypoechoic cortex and hyperechoic hilum (vessels are normally entering and exiting the hilum)

Malignant:

• cystic change,
• calcifications (particularly microcalcifications),
• focal or diffused area of -echogenicity,
• heterogeneity,
• peripheral vascularity,
• chaotic internal vascularity