Anatomy of breathing Flashcards
What does the upper respiratory tract (URT) consist of?
Nasal cavities
Oral cavity
Larynx
Pharynx
What does the lower respiratory (LRT) consist of?
Trachea (divides into right and left bronchus)
Main bronchus
Both lungs
What happens at the C6 vertebra?
Pharynx becomes oesophagus.
Larynx becomes trachea.
How many lung lobes are present in both lungs?
Right: 3 lung lobes Left: 2 lung lobes
- Superior - Superior
- Middle - Inferior
- Inferior
The areas of the lung lobes that are supplied air by the _______ bronchi are known as ______ segments.
Segmental
Bronchopulomonary
Distal bronchioles consist of what type of tissue?
smooth muscle tissue
Inner lining of whole respiratory tree except _____ _____ and ______ are made up of respiratory epithelium.
distal bronchioles
alveoli
Each lung lobe and bronchopulomonary segment has their own air supply. True/False
True
Respiratory principle 1?
We must ensure that enough oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse between the alveolus and blood at the capillary beds
Respiratory principle 2?
We must ensure air can flow freely in and out of the lungs.
What factors could affect air flowing freely in and out of the lungs?
Constriction of bronchioles (asthma)
Swelling of mucosa and overproduction of mucus in the respiratory tree.
Growing tumour that could compress against the tract.
How do vocal cords contribute to airway protection?
Can close the Rima Glottis (opening between the true vocal chords and the cartilage at the back of the larynx).
During phonation air is ______ across the vocal cords and the vocal cords ______ to produce sound.
expired
vibrate
What are the names of the 12 ribs in the thoracic skeleton?
True ribs: Ribs 1 - 7
False ribs: Ribs 8 - 10
Floating ribs: Ribs 11 - 12
What does a low FEV1/FVC ratio indicate?
Air trapped within lungs.
