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1 MSK > anatomy of anterior and medial thigh > Flashcards

anatomy of anterior and medial thigh Flashcards

1
Q

name the shin bone

A

the tibia

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2
Q

name the thigh bone

A

the femur

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3
Q

name the knee cap

A

the patella

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4
Q

where does the head of the femur articulate with on the pelvis to form the hip joint?

A

the acetabulum

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5
Q

where is the intertrochanteric line?

A

between the greater and lesser trochanters on the anterior surface of the femur.(distal neck)

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6
Q

name the bony vertical ridge on the posterior aspect of theshaftof the femur. what is its role?

A

the linea aspera

site of muscle attachment.

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7
Q

what part of femur articulates with the knee joint?

A

the medialandlateral femoral condyles

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8
Q

where is the adductor tubercle?

A
  • just superior to the medial femoral condyle
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9
Q

which muscles flex the hip? anterior, posterior or medial thigh muscles?

A

anterior thigh muscles

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10
Q

which muscles extend the hip? anterior, posterior or medial thigh muscles?

A

the posterior thigh muscles

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11
Q

which muscles adduct the hip? anterior, posterior or medial thigh muscles?

A

muscles in medial thigh adduct thigh at hip

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12
Q

name all the movements at the hip joint?

A
  • flexion and extension
  • adduction and abduction
  • medial and lateral rotation
  • circumduction
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13
Q

which muscles flex the knee? anterior, posterior or medial thigh muscles?

A

posterior

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14
Q

which muscles extend the knee? anterior, posterior or medial thigh muscles?

A

anterior

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15
Q

what is the fascia that surrounds the thigh (like a sleeve)

A

fascia lata

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16
Q

what/where is the iliotibial band? what does it do?

A

IT band

  • strong part of fascia
  • runs down outside of thigh from ilium to tibia
  • stabilises knee joint
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17
Q

what separates the thigh into anterior posterior and medial compartments?

A

Intermuscular septa

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18
Q

what are all the muscles in the anterior thigh innervated by?

A

thefemoralnerve

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19
Q

femoral nerve

- which spinal nerves does it arise from?

A
  • The femoral nerve originates from the lumbar plexus,

- arises from the anterior rami of spinal nerves L2-L4.

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20
Q

what are all the muscles in the medial thigh innervated by?

A

obturatornerve (spinal nervesL2-L4, lumbar plexus)

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21
Q

what is the group of 4 large antihero thigh muscles? name the group and each muscle

A

Quadriceps femoris

  • rectus femoris
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus intermedius
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22
Q

rectus fermoirs

  • attachments
  • action
A
  • in midline of anterior thigh
  • attached to AIIS
  • contribute to flexion of hip (because crosses hip)
  • knee extensor
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23
Q

vastus lateralis

  • attachments
  • action
A
  • lateral to rectus femoris
  • attaches to linea aspera on posterior aspect of femoral shaft
  • knee extensor
24
Q

vastus medialis

  • attachments
  • action
A
  • medial to rectus femoris.
  • It attaches to thelinea aspera
  • knee extensor
25
Q

vastus intermedius

  • attachments
  • action
A
  • lies deep to rectus femoris.
  • It attaches to theanterior aspect of the femoral shaft.
  • knee extensor
26
Q

name the other 3 muscles of the anterior thigh (other than the quadriceps femoris group)

A
  1. sartorius
  2. iliopsoas
  3. pectineus
27
Q

sartorius muscle:

  • describe the shape and direction
  • the attachments
A

Sartorius

Seatbelt - thick strap that crosses from lateral to medial

from ASIS ( anterior Superior iliac spine)

28
Q

sartorius muscle:

describe the actions

A

HIP : flexes, weakly abducts + lateral rotation

KNEE: flexes and rotates medially (cross legged)

29
Q

describe the iliopsoas muscle

A

= iliac + psoas major muscle

in proximal anterior thigh

attached to lesser trochanter (where common tendon of the 2 muscles is)

30
Q

what are the actions of the iliopsoas muscle?

A
  • main hip flexor
31
Q

pectineus muscle:

  • describe the shape and direction
  • the attachments
A
  • thick band medial to iliopsoas
  • from superior pubic ramps
  • to femur (near lesser trochanter)
32
Q

what are the actions of the pectineus muscle?

A

hip flexor

33
Q

how many muscles in the medial thigh?

34
Q

what do the medial thigh muscles primarily do?

A

adduct hip

- role in normal gait as they help to draw the leg back towards the midline as we walk.

35
Q

name the 5 muscles in the medial thigh?

A
  1. adductor brevis
  2. adductor longus
  3. adductor Magnus
  4. gracilis
  5. Obturator externus
36
Q

what are the attachments of the adductor brevis and longus?

A

pubic bone and linea aspera

37
Q

which is deep to which?

adductor brevis and longus?

A

brevis is DEEP to longus

38
Q

what nerve runs between the adductor brevis and longus?

A

the obturator nerve (from obturator foreamen)

39
Q

describe the adductor magnus

A

has 2 parts:

  1. the adductor
  2. the hamstring (not a hip adductor like the rest of medial muscles)

gap between = the adductor hiatus

40
Q

where do the 2 parts of the adductor magnus each attach?

A

ADDUCTOR:
origin - inferior pubic ramus
insertion - linea aspera

HAMSTRING:

  • ischial tuberosity
  • adductor tubercle
41
Q

describe the gracilis

A

most medial

long thin strip

42
Q

where does the gracilis originate and insert?

A
  • origin: pubic bone

- insertion: medial tibia

43
Q

what are the actions of the gracilis?

A

HIP - weak adductor and flexor

KNEE - weak flexor

44
Q

where does the obturator externus originate and insert?

A
  • origin: external surface of the obturator membrane

- insertion: femur (near the greater trochante)

45
Q

what are the actions of the obturator externus?

A

stabilises and laterally rotates hip joint

46
Q

what are the 2 arteries that innervate the anterior and medial thigh muscles?

A

femoral (anterior)

obturator (medial)

47
Q

where do the arteries that innervate the anterior and medial thigh muscles branch from?

A

femoral - external iliac

obturator - internal iliac

48
Q

where can the femoral artery be palpated?

A

when it travels deep to the inguinal ligament

at proximal anterior thigh

49
Q

what is the main branch of the femoral artery?

A

the profunda femoris

DEEP

after adductor hiatus it becomes the popliteal artery

50
Q

through what strcutre does the obturator artery travel through to reach the medial thigh?

A

the obturator canal

51
Q

what are the 2 main veins of the anterior and medial thigh?

A

femoral

obturator

52
Q

what does the femoral nerve innervate?

A

anterior thigh muscles and skin

53
Q

what does the obturator nerve innervate?

A

medial thigh muscles and skin

54
Q

what are the 3 boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A

lateral - medial sartorius
medial - lateral adductor longus
superior - inguinal ligament

55
Q

what are the contents of the femoral triangle ?

A

NAV ( lat to med)

  1. femoral nerve
  2. femoral artery
  3. femoral vein
56
Q

within the femoral triangle, the femoral vein receives blood from what superficial vein?

A

thegreat saphenous vein

1 MSK (4 decks)

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