Anatomy of a Long Bone & Bony Landmarks

Question 1

Periosteum

Answer 1

Tough outer layer of the bone.

Question 2

Diaphysis

Answer 2

The central shaft of the bone.

Question 3

Bone Marrow

Answer 3

Spongy bone tissue found within the bone.
Red bone marrow produces red and white blood cells.
Yellow bone marrow produces fat and cartilage.

Question 4

Articular Cartilage

Answer 4

The ends of the long bone are covered by articular cartilage, reducing friction.

Question 5

Epiphysis

Answer 5

The rounded end of the bone that normally articulates with another bone.

Question 6

Cancellous Bone

Answer 6

Spongy bone found in the ends of a long bone. Has a honeycomb structure and provides space, and protection, for bone marrow.

Question 7

Growth Plate

Answer 7

A disc of cartilage found at the end of each bone. Produces new cartilage and is the site of bone growth.

Question 8

Compact Bone

Answer 8

Hard tissue that forms the main shaft of the bone.

Question 9

Tuberosity

Answer 9

A large round prominence that looks like a raised bump. Often the site of muscle attachment.

Question 10

Processes

Answer 10

Raised areas of projections that can be used for connective tissue attachment.

Question 11

Notches

Answer 11

A V-shaped depression at the edge of a flat area.

Question 12

Fossae

Answer 12

Shallow depression on the surface of the bone that commonly receive another articulating bone to form a joint,

Question 13

Condyles

Answer 13

Rounded bumps or large rounded prominences that usually fit in to a fossa on another bone to form a joint.