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Year 2 Medicine Leeds > Anatomy Muscles > Flashcards

Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Describe trapezius function and innervation

A

Upper fibres
Function - elevate scapula
Middle fibres
Function - retract scapula
Lower fibres - depress scapula
All - retract scapula during abduction of humerus past horizontal
Innervation - Accessory nerve - cranial nerve XI

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2
Q

Describe latissimus dorsi function and innervation

A

Function - adduction, medial rotation and extension of humerus
Innervation - thoracodorsal - long scapula nerve C6,7,8

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3
Q

Describe levator scapulae function and innervation

A

Function - Elevate scapula

Innervation - Branches from anterior rami of C3.4 and branches of dorsal scapular nerve C5

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4
Q

Describe rhomboid major and minor function and innervation

A

Function - Elevates and retracts scapula

Innervation - dorsal scapula nerve

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5
Q

what are the muscles of the pectoral girdle?

A

Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major and minor

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6
Q

Describe deltoid function and innervation

A 
Function - 
Anterior fibres - flexion 
Posterior fibres - retraction 
All - abduction 
Innervation - axillary nerve
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7
Q

Describe supraspinatus function and innervation

A

Function - abduction to 15 degrees

Innervation - supra scapular nerve

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8
Q

Describe infraspinatous function and innervation

A

Function - Lateral rotation

Innervation - Suprascapular nerve

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9
Q

Describe teres minor function and innervation

A

Function - Lateral rotation

Innervation - axillary nerve

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10
Q

Describe teres major function and innervation

A

Function - medial rotation, extension (but not hyperextension), adduction
Innervation - Lower sub scapular nerve

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11
Q

Describe subscapularis function and innervation

A

Function - medial rotation

innervation - upper and lower sub scapular nerves

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12
Q

Describe pectoralis major function and innervation

A

Function - flexion, adduction, medial rotation
Clavicular - flexion of extended arm
Sternocostal - extension of flexed arm
Innervation - medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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13
Q

Describe pectoralis minor function and innervation

A

Function - pulls tip of shoulder down, protracts scapula

Innervation - medial pectoral nerve

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14
Q

Describe serratus anterior function and innervation

A

Function - protraction of the scapula - opposed from thoracic wall
Innervation- Long thoracic nerve

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15
Q

Describe subclavius function and innervation

A

Function - pulls tip of shoulder down and protracts scapula

Innervation - subclavian nerve

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16
Q

Describe the biceps brachii function and innervation

A

Function - accessory flexor of the elbow joint, supination

Innervation - musculocutaneous nerve

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17
Q

Describe brachialis function and innervation

A

Function - primary flexor of the elbow joint

Innervation - musculocutaneous nerve

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18
Q

Describe coracobrachialis function and innervation

A

Function - Flexes arm at shoulder joint

Innervation - Musculocutaneous nerve

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19
Q

Describe triceps function and innervation

A

Function - Extension of the elbow

Innervation - Radial nerve

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20
Q

Describe brachioradialis function and innervation

A

Function - returns forearm to mid-prone position, accessory flexor
Innervation - radial nerve

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21
Q

Describe pronator teres function and innervation

A

Function - pronates and flexes the forearm at the elbow

Innervation - median nerve

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22
Q

Describe flexor carpi radials function and innervation

A

Function - flexion and abduction of the wrist

Innervation - median nerve

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23
Q

Describe Flexor carpi ulnaris function and innervation

A

Function - flexion and adduction of the wrist

Innervation - Ulnar nerve

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24
Q

Describe palmaris longus function and innervation

A

Function - flexes hand and tightens palmar aponeurosis

Innervation - median nerve

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25
Q

Describe flexor digitorum superficialis function and innervation

A

Function - flexes the proximal phalanges

Innervation - median nerve

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26
Q

Describe flexor policies longus function and innervation

A

Function - flexes phalanges of 1st digit

Innervation - anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve

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27
Q

Describe flexor digitorum profundus function and innervation

A

Function - flexes distal phalanges at distal interphalangeal joints of medial 4 digits
Innervation - medial part - ulnar nerve
lateral part - anterior interosseous branch of median nerve

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28
Q

Describe pronator quadrates function and innervation

A

Function - pronates forearm, deep fibres and bind radius and ulna together
Innervation - anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve

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29
Q

Describe extensor carpi radials longus function and innervation

A

Function - Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint

Innervation - radial nerve

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30
Q

Describe extensor carpi radials brevis function and innervation

A

Function - extend and abduct hand at wrist

Innervation - deep branch of radial nerve

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31
Q

Describe extensor digitorum communis function and innervation

A

Function - extends metacarpophalangeal interphalangeal and wrist joints
Innervation - posterior interosseous nerve + continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve

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32
Q

Describe extensor digiti minimi function and innervation

A

Function - extends 5th digit at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Innervation - posterior interosseous nerve and the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve

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33
Q

Describe extensor carpi ulnaris fucntion and innervation

A

Function - extends and adducts hand at wrist

Innervation - posterior interosseous nerve and continuation of deep branch of radial nerve

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34
Q

Describe anconeus function and innervation

A

Function - abduction of ulna during pronation, accessory extensor of the elbow
Innervation - radial nerve

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35
Q

Describe extensor indices function and innervation

A

Function - extends 2nd digit and helps to extend the hand

Innervation - posterior interosseous and continuation of the deep branch of radial nerve

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36
Q

Describe Extensor pollicis brevis function and innervation

A

Function - extends proximal phalanx of thumb at carpometacarpal joint
Innervation - posterior interosseous and deep branch or radial nerve

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37
Q

Describe extensor pollicis longus function and innervation

A

Function - extends distal phalanx of thumb at carpometacarpal and interphalangeal joints
Innervation - posterior interosseous and deep branch of radial nerve

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38
Q

Describe abductor pollicis longus function and innervation

A

Function - abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint
Innervation - posterior interosseous and deep branch of radial nerve

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39
Q

Describe supinator function and innervation

A

Function - supination

Innervation - deep branch of radial nerve

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40
Q

Describe opponens digiti minimi function and innervation

A

Function - draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates bringing little finger into opposition with thumb
Innervation - deep branch of ulnar nerve

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41
Q

Describe abductor digiti minimi function and innervation

A

Function - abducts the 5th finger

Innervation - deep branch of ulnar nerve

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42
Q

Describe flexor digiti minimi brevis function and innervation

A

Function - flexes the proximal phalanx of the little finger

Innervation - deep branch of ulnar nerve

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43
Q

Describe opponens pollicis function and innervation

A

Function - draws 1st metacarpal laterally to oppose thumb toward centre of palm and rotate medially
Innervation - recurrent branch of median nerve

44
Q

Describe abductor pollicis brevis function and innervation

A

Function -Abducts thumb and helps oppose it

Innervation - recurrent branch of median nerve

45
Q

Describe flexor pollicis brevis function and innervation

A

Function - flexes thumb

Innervation - recurrent branch of median nerve

46
Q

Describe adductor pollicis function and innervation

A

Function - adduction of the thumb

Innervation - deep branch of ulnar nerve

47
Q

Describe the lumbricals function and innervation

A

Function - flexing metacarpophalangeal joints, extending the interphalangeal joint
Innervation - medial two lumbricals are supplied by the deep branch of ulnar nerve, lateral two lumbricals are supplied by the median nerve

48
Q

Describe the palmar interosseous function and innervation

A

Function - adduction of the fingers towards the axial line and assisting the lumbricals
Innervation - deep branch of ulnar nerve

49
Q

Describe the dorsal interosseous muscles function and innervation

A

Function - abduction of the fingers away from the axial line
Innervation - deep branch of the ulnar nerve

50
Q

Describe gluteus Maximus function and innervation

A

Function - Extension of the hip, external rotation, abduction
Innervation - inferior gluteal nerve

51
Q

Describe the function and innervation of gluteus medius

A

Function - Abduction of the hip, internal rotation

Innervation - superior gluteal nerve

52
Q

Describe the function and innervation of gluteus minimis

A

Function - Abduction of hip, internal rotation

Innervation - superior gluteal nerve

53
Q

Describe the function and innervation of tensor fasciae lata

A

Function - flexion of hip/thigh, applies tension to fascia lata, stabilises extended knee
Innervation - superior gluteal nerve

54
Q

Describe the function and innervation of the piriformis

A

Function - laterally rotates femur, abduct flexed femur

Innervation - branched from S1-S2

55
Q

Describe obturator internus function and innervation

A

Function - laterally rotate femur and abduct flexed femur

Innervation - nerve to obturator interns

56
Q

Describe superior + inferior glemellus function and innervation

A

Function - laterally rotate femur, abduct flexed femur

Innervation - nerve to quadrates femoris

57
Q

Describe the function and innervation of quadrates femoris

A

Function - laterally rotate femur

Innervation - nerve to quadrates femoris

58
Q

Describe the function and innervation of psoas major

A

Function - flex the thigh at the hip joint

Innervation - anterior rami of L1, L2, L3

59
Q

Describe the function and innervation of illiacus

A

Function - flex the thigh at the hip joint

Innervation - femoral nerve

60
Q

Describe the function and innervation of pectineus

A

Function - flex the thigh at hip joint, abduct the thigh at the hip joint
Innervation - femoral nerve

61
Q

Describe the function and innervation of sartorious

A

Function - flex the thigh at the hip joint, flex the leg at the knee joint
Innervation - Femoral nerve

62
Q

Describe the function and innervation of the rectus femoris

A

Function - flex the thigh at the hip joint, extend the leg at the knee
Innervation - femoral nerve

63
Q

Describe the function and innervation of vastus medalis, lateralis and intermedius

A

Function - extend the leg at the knee joint

Innervation - Femoral nerve

64
Q

Describe the function and innervation of gracilis

A

Function - abduct thigh at hip joint and flex leg at knee joint
Innervation - obturator nerve

65
Q

Describe the function and innervation of adductor brevis and longus

A

Function - adduct and medially rotate thigh at hip joint

Innervation - obturator nerve

66
Q

Describe the function and innervation of adductor magnus adductor part

A

Function - adduction and flexion of thigh at hip joint

Innervation - obturator nerve

67
Q

Describe the function and innervation of adductor magnus hamstring part

A

Function - adduction and extension of thigh at hip joint

Innervation - tibial nerve

68
Q

Describe the function and innervation of obturator externus

A

Function - laterally rotate thigh at hip joint

Innervation - obturator nerve

69
Q

Describe the function and innervation of biceps femoris short head

A

Function - flexion of knee, laterally rotate leg

Innervation - common fibular nerve

70
Q

Describe the function and innervation of biceps femoris long head

A

Function - flexion of knee, laterally rotate leg and extension of hip
Innervation - tibial nerve

71
Q

Describe the function and innervation of semitendinous and semimembranous

A

Function - flexion of knee and extension of the hip

Innervation - tibial nerve

72
Q

Describe the function and innervation of gastrocnemius medial and lateral heads

A

Function - plantar flexion of foot and flexion of knee

Innervation - tibial nerve

73
Q

Describe the function and innervation of plantaris

A

Function - plantar flexion of foot, flexion of knee

Innervation - tibial nerve

74
Q

Describe the function and innervation of soleus

A

Function - plantar flexion of foot

Innervation - Tibial nerve

75
Q

Describe the function and innervation of popliteus

A

Function - stabilise the knee, unlock the knee to enable flexion via lateral rotation of femur
Innervation - tibial nerve

76
Q

Describe the function and innervation of flexor digitorum longus

A

Function - flex lateral 4 toes

Innervation - tibial nerve

77
Q

Describe the function and innervation of hallucis longus

A

Function - flex the great toe

Innervation - tibial nerve

78
Q

Describe the function and innervation of tibialis posterior

A

Function - plantar flexion of foot, inversion of foot

Innervation - tibial nerve

79
Q

Describe the function and innervation of fibularis longus

A

Function - plantar flexion of foot, eversion of foot

Innervation - superficial fibular nerve

80
Q

Describe the function and innervation of fibularis brevis

A

Function - eversion of foot

Innervation - superficial fibular nerve

81
Q

Describe the function and innervation of extensor digitorum brevis

A

Function - extension of lateral four toes

Innervation - innervation of deep fibular nerve

82
Q

Describe the function and innervation of extensor hallucis brevis

A

Function - extension of the great toe

Innervation - deep fibular nerve

83
Q

Describe the function and innervation of abductor digitiminimum

A

Function - abduction of the 5th toe

Innervation - lateral plantar nerve - branch of tibial

84
Q

Describe the function and innervation of abductor hallusis

A

Function - flexion of great toe and abduction of great toe

Innervation - medial plantar nerve - branch of tibial

85
Q

Describe the function and innervation of flexor digitorum brevis

A

Function - flexion of lateral 4 toes

Innervation - medial plantar nerve - branch of tibial

86
Q

Describe the function and innervation of quadratus plantae

A

Function - flexion of lateral 4 toes

Innervation - lateral plantar nerve - branch of tibial

87
Q

Describe the function and innervation of the lumbricals

A

Function - flexion of metatarsophalangeal joint, extension of interphalangeal joint
Innervation - first lumbrical - medial plantar nerve
lateral three - lateral plantar nerves

88
Q

Describe the function and innervation of flexor hallucis brevis

A

Function - flex great toe

Innervation - medial plantar nerve

89
Q

Describe the function and innervation of adductor hallucis

A

Function - adduct great toe

Innervation - lateral plantar nerve

90
Q

Describe the function and innervation of flexor digiti minimi brevis
(Foot)

A

Function - flex and adduct 5th toe

Innervation - lateral plantar nerve

91
Q

Describe the function and innervation of the dorsal interossei

A

Function - abduct toes

Innervation - lateral plantar nerve, first and second also innervated by deep fibular nerve

92
Q

Describe the function and innervation of the plantar interossei

A

Function - adduct toes

Innervation - lateral plantar nerves

93
Q

Describe the function and innervation of tibialis anterior

A

Function - dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

Innervation - Deep fibular nerve

94
Q

Describe the function and innervation of extensor digitorum Longus

A

Function - dorsiflexion and extension of lateral 4 toes

Innervation - Deep fibular nerve

95
Q

Describe the function and innervation of extensor hallucis longus

A

Function - dorsiflexion of foot and extension of great toe

Innervation - deep fibular nerve

96
Q

Describe the function and innervation of fibular tertius

A

Function - dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

Innervation - deep fibular nerve

97
Q

What are the boundaries of the quadrilateral space and what runs through it?

A 
Superior - teres minor 
Medial - long head of triceps 
Inferior - teres major 
Laterally - surgical neck of humerus 
Runs through - axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery
98
Q

What are the boundaries and the content of the axilla?

A

Apex - 1st rib
Medial - serrates anterior
Lateral - Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Anterior - Pectoralis minor and major
Posterior - Subscapularis, latissimus dorsi and teres major
Contents:
Coracobrachialis, biceps, pectoralis minor, axillary artery and vein, brachial plexus

99
Q

What are the boundaries and contents of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Medial - extensor pollicis longus
Lateral - extensor pollicis brevis + abductor pollicis longus
Proximal - styloid process of the radius
Floor - scaphoid + trapezium
Roof - skin
Contents - radial artery, cephalic vein and radial nerve

100
Q

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

A
  • Flexor pollicis longus tendon
  • Flexor digitorum superficial 4 tendons
  • Flexor digitorum profundus 4 tendons
  • Median nerve
101
Q

What are the borders and contents of the femoral triangle?

A

Roof - fascia lata
Floor - pectineus, iliopsoas, adductor longus
Superior - inguinal ligament
Lateral - sartorius
Medial - adductor longus
Contents - femoral nerve, femoral artery + vein and canal

102
Q

What are the borders of the femoral canal?

A

Medial - lacunar ligament
Lateral - femoral vein
Anterior - inguinal ligament
Posterior - pectineal ligament, superior ramus of pubis and pectineus

103
Q

What are the borders and contents of the adductor canal, where does it travel?

A

Antermedial - sartorius
Lateral - vastus medialis
Posterior - adductor longus + Magnus
Contents - femoral vein, artery and nerve
Runs from apex of the femoral triangle to adductor hiatus

104
Q

What are the borders and content of the popliteal fossa?

A

Superomedial - semimembranous
Superolateral - biceps femoris
Inferomedial - medial head of the gastrocnemius
Inferolateral - lateral head of gastrocnemius and planters

105
Q

What are the contents from anterior to posterior of the tarsal tunnel?

A 
Tibialis posterior tendon 
Flexor digitorum longus 
Tibial artery 
Vein 
Nerve 
Flexor hallucis longus tendon 
Tom, dick and very nervous harry
106
Q

What are the borders of the safety triangle?

A

Anterior - Pectoralis Major
Posterior - Latisimus dorsi
Inferior - 5th intercostal space - nipple

107
Q

What are the borders of the anterior and posterior neck triangles?

A 
Anterior Triangle 
S - Inferior mandible
L - anterior sternocleidomastoid 
M - saggital line down midline of neck 
Contents - bifurcation of common carotid, internal jugular 
Posterior Triangle 
A - posterior sternocleidomastoid 
P - trapezius 
In - middle 1/3 clavicle 
Contents - external jugular vein, subclavian vein, accessory nerve + cervical plexus

Year 2 Medicine Leeds (4 decks)

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