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Anatomy Muscle Tissue > Anatomy Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Anatomy Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of Muscle Tissue?

A

Produce movements, maintain posture, joint stabilization, produce heat.

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2
Q

What surrounds the fascicles?

A

Perimysium

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3
Q

What is the overcoat surrounding the entire muscle?

A

Epimysium

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4
Q

Thick filaments that contain (red) and extend across the entire length of A band are called?

A

Myosin

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5
Q 
Thin filaments (blue)
that extend across the entire length of I band and partially into A band and anchored by Z disks are called?
A

Actin

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6
Q

System of tubular sacs similar to smooth ER in non muscle cells (houses and releases calcium that allows to start contraction)

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

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7
Q

The “end sacs” that are perpendicular cross-channels at A band- band junction and release calcium to initiate muscle contraction are called?

A

Terminal Cisternae

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8
Q

The action when actin slides past myosin is called.

A

power stroke

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9
Q

A state of muscular rigidity that begins 3-4 hours after death and lasts about 24 hours

A

rigor mortis

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10
Q

A tension generated without muscle shortening, helps to maintain posture and supports objects in a fixed position.

A

isometric contraction

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11
Q

An exercise that uses oxygen, increases number of capillaries, mitochondria-distance runners

A

Aerobic exercise

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12
Q

An exercise that doesn’t use oxygen, increase muscle strength (one rep max) and muscle power (strength/time)

A

Anaerobic exercise

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13
Q

Attached to tendons/bones, striated, under voluntary control and multinucleated

A

skeletal muscle

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14
Q

Forms most of the wall of the heart, striated, involuntary control, one centrally located nucleus

A

cardiac muscle

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15
Q

Non-striated, involuntary, one centrally located nucleus, found in walls of hollow internal structures

A

smooth muscle

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16
Q

What are the four properties of muscle tissue?

A

Excitability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity

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17
Q

What are the extensions of deep fascia?

A

Epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

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18
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue around muscle with similar functions

A

Deep fascia

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19
Q

Areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue underlying the skin

A

superficial fascia (subcutaneous layer)

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20
Q

A muscle fiber is also called a _____

A

Muscle cell

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21
Q

Each skeletal muscle is typically supplied by _____.

A

a nerve, artery, and two veins.

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22
Q

What do the capillaries in skeletal muscles do?

A

Bring oxygen and nutrients and remove heat and wastes

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23
Q

How do mature muscle cells develop?

A

From 100 myoblasts that fuse together in the fetus

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24
Q

Cells that retain the ability to generate new cells

A

Satellite cells

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25
Q

A threadlike structure, extending longitudinally through a muscle fiber (cell) consisting mainly of thick filaments (myosin) and thin filaments (actin, troponin, and tropomyosin)

A

Myofibril

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26
Q

What fills the sarcoplasm?

A

Myofibrils, glycogen and myoglobin (red-colored, oxygen-binding protein)

27
Q

Tunnels of the sarcolemma into the center of the cell; carry muscle action potentials down into the cell

A

T(transverse) tubules

28
Q

A network of saccules and tubes surrounding myofibrils of a muscle fiber (cell, comparable to endoplasmic reticulum

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

29
Q

The filaments of myofibrils are arranged into ______ ?

A

sarcomeres

30
Q

A contractile unit in a striated muscle fiber (cell) extending from one Z disc to the next Z disc

A

sarcomere

31
Q

Separates sarcomeres

A

Z discs

32
Q

Function of sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

to reabsorb calcium ions during relaxation and release them to cause contraction

33
Q

The middle of the sarcomere

A

M line

34
Q

Length of thick filaments; dark

A

A band

35
Q

Thin filaments only; light

A

I band

36
Q

Thick and thin filaments overlap

A

Zone of overlap

37
Q

Thick filaments only

A

H zone

38
Q

Wasting away or decrease in size of a muscle

A

Atrophy

39
Q

Covers myosin binding sites on the actin molecules

A

Tropomyosin

40
Q

Moves tropomyosin aide & exposes myosin binding sites when Ca+ is released

A

Troponin

41
Q

Elastic protein, keeps thick and thin filaments aligned

A

Tintin

42
Q

A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber

A

Myosin

43
Q

A protein that mainly makes up the thin filaments in striations in skeletal muscle cells

A

Actin

44
Q

What are three types of protein that make up myofibrils?

A

Contractile, regulatory, and structural

45
Q

A bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium

A

fascicle

46
Q

A single part of the fascicle that is surrounded by endomysium

A

Muscle fiber

47
Q

What are the three connective tissue layers

A

Dense regular, Fibrous connective, Fine areolar

48
Q

Point of contact between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle cell

A

Neuromuscular Junction

49
Q

Space between neurons that translates nerve impulses

A

Synaptic cleft in the Neuromuscular Junction

50
Q

Muscle that is under the control of the will

A

Voluntary muscle

51
Q

Muscle that is NOT under the control of the will

A

Involuntary muscle

52
Q

Carbohydrate store that can be broken down when needed

A

Glycogen

53
Q

Stores oxygen within the muscle

A

Myoglobin

54
Q

How do you produce a muscle contraction?

A

nerve impulse

55
Q

Carry afferent electrical signal

A

Dendrites

56
Q

Carry efferent electrical signal

A

Axon

57
Q

Change in electrochemical gradient

A

Depolarization

58
Q

What does depolarization result in charge wise?

A

Positive cell membrane

59
Q

Part of the sarcolemma that has ACH receptors

A

Motor end plate

60
Q

What does a z disco do?

A

Separates each individual sarcomere

61
Q

What does the sarcomere contain?

A

Myofilaments

62
Q

What is the elasticity of tintin?

A

can stretch 4x resting length/recoil

63
Q

How does the elasticity of tintin help during contraction?

A

Helps sarcomere return to resting length after a contraction

Anatomy Muscle Tissue (1 decks)

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