Anatomy Muscle Tissue

Question 1

What are the functions of Muscle Tissue?

Answer 1

Produce movements, maintain posture, joint stabilization, produce heat.

Question 2

What surrounds the fascicles?

Answer 2

Perimysium

Question 3

What is the overcoat surrounding the entire muscle?

Answer 3

Epimysium

Question 4

Thick filaments that contain (red) and extend across the entire length of A band are called?

Answer 4

Myosin

Question 5

Thin filaments (blue)
that extend across the entire length of I band and partially into A band and anchored by Z disks are called?

Answer 5

Actin

Question 6

System of tubular sacs similar to smooth ER in non muscle cells (houses and releases calcium that allows to start contraction)

Answer 6

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

Question 7

The “end sacs” that are perpendicular cross-channels at A band- band junction and release calcium to initiate muscle contraction are called?

Answer 7

Terminal Cisternae

Question 8

The action when actin slides past myosin is called.

Answer 8

power stroke

Question 9

A state of muscular rigidity that begins 3-4 hours after death and lasts about 24 hours

Answer 9

rigor mortis

Question 10

A tension generated without muscle shortening, helps to maintain posture and supports objects in a fixed position.

Answer 10

isometric contraction

Question 11

An exercise that uses oxygen, increases number of capillaries, mitochondria-distance runners

Answer 11

Aerobic exercise

Question 12

An exercise that doesn’t use oxygen, increase muscle strength (one rep max) and muscle power (strength/time)

Answer 12

Anaerobic exercise

Question 13

Attached to tendons/bones, striated, under voluntary control and multinucleated

Answer 13

skeletal muscle

Question 14

Forms most of the wall of the heart, striated, involuntary control, one centrally located nucleus

Answer 14

cardiac muscle

Question 15

Non-striated, involuntary, one centrally located nucleus, found in walls of hollow internal structures

Answer 15

smooth muscle

Question 16

What are the four properties of muscle tissue?

Answer 16

Excitability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity

Question 17

What are the extensions of deep fascia?

Answer 17

Epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

Question 18

Dense irregular connective tissue around muscle with similar functions

Answer 18

Deep fascia

Question 19

Areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue underlying the skin

Answer 19

superficial fascia (subcutaneous layer)

Question 20

A muscle fiber is also called a _____

Answer 20

Muscle cell

Question 21

Each skeletal muscle is typically supplied by _____.

Answer 21

a nerve, artery, and two veins.

Question 22

What do the capillaries in skeletal muscles do?

Answer 22

Bring oxygen and nutrients and remove heat and wastes

Question 23

How do mature muscle cells develop?

Answer 23

From 100 myoblasts that fuse together in the fetus

Question 24

Cells that retain the ability to generate new cells

Answer 24

Satellite cells

Question 25

A threadlike structure, extending longitudinally through a muscle fiber (cell) consisting mainly of thick filaments (myosin) and thin filaments (actin, troponin, and tropomyosin)

Answer 25

Myofibril

Question 26

What fills the sarcoplasm?

Answer 26

Myofibrils, glycogen and myoglobin (red-colored, oxygen-binding protein)

Question 27

Tunnels of the sarcolemma into the center of the cell; carry muscle action potentials down into the cell

Answer 27

T(transverse) tubules

Question 28

A network of saccules and tubes surrounding myofibrils of a muscle fiber (cell, comparable to endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 28

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 29

The filaments of myofibrils are arranged into ______ ?

Answer 29

sarcomeres

Question 30

A contractile unit in a striated muscle fiber (cell) extending from one Z disc to the next Z disc

Answer 30

sarcomere

Question 31

Separates sarcomeres

Answer 31

Z discs

Question 32

Function of sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 32

to reabsorb calcium ions during relaxation and release them to cause contraction

Question 33

The middle of the sarcomere

Answer 33

M line

Question 34

Length of thick filaments; dark

Answer 34

A band

Question 35

Thin filaments only; light

Answer 35

I band

Question 36

Thick and thin filaments overlap

Answer 36

Zone of overlap

Question 37

Thick filaments only

Answer 37

H zone

Question 38

Wasting away or decrease in size of a muscle

Answer 38

Atrophy

Question 39

Covers myosin binding sites on the actin molecules

Answer 39

Tropomyosin

Question 40

Moves tropomyosin aide & exposes myosin binding sites when Ca+ is released

Answer 40

Troponin

Question 41

Elastic protein, keeps thick and thin filaments aligned

Answer 41

Tintin

Question 42

A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber

Answer 42

Myosin

Question 43

A protein that mainly makes up the thin filaments in striations in skeletal muscle cells

Answer 43

Actin

Question 44

What are three types of protein that make up myofibrils?

Answer 44

Contractile, regulatory, and structural

Question 45

A bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium

Answer 45

fascicle

Question 46

A single part of the fascicle that is surrounded by endomysium

Answer 46

Muscle fiber

Question 47

What are the three connective tissue layers

Answer 47

Dense regular, Fibrous connective, Fine areolar

Question 48

Point of contact between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle cell

Answer 48

Neuromuscular Junction

Question 49

Space between neurons that translates nerve impulses

Answer 49

Synaptic cleft in the Neuromuscular Junction

Question 50

Muscle that is under the control of the will

Answer 50

Voluntary muscle

Question 51

Muscle that is NOT under the control of the will

Answer 51

Involuntary muscle

Question 52

Carbohydrate store that can be broken down when needed

Answer 52

Glycogen

Question 53

Stores oxygen within the muscle

Answer 53

Myoglobin

Question 54

How do you produce a muscle contraction?

Answer 54

nerve impulse

Question 55

Carry afferent electrical signal

Answer 55

Dendrites

Question 56

Carry efferent electrical signal

Answer 56

Axon

Question 57

Change in electrochemical gradient

Answer 57

Depolarization

Question 58

What does depolarization result in charge wise?

Answer 58

Positive cell membrane

Question 59

Part of the sarcolemma that has ACH receptors

Answer 59

Motor end plate

Question 60

What does a z disco do?

Answer 60

Separates each individual sarcomere

Question 61

What does the sarcomere contain?

Answer 61

Myofilaments

Question 62

What is the elasticity of tintin?

Answer 62

can stretch 4x resting length/recoil

Question 63

How does the elasticity of tintin help during contraction?

Answer 63

Helps sarcomere return to resting length after a contraction