Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Anatomy Midterm White Box Info > Flashcards

Anatomy Midterm White Box Info Flashcards

1
Q

Sagittal planes passes _______ to the median plane

A

Parallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Can you wiggle your ears?

A

Everyone has a muscle for this, but if it isn’t used, the muscle gets weak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does “deltoid“ mean?

A

“Shaped like a triangle”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pulmonary arterial circulation (blue) is what type of blood?

A

Deoxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pulmonary venous circulation (red) is what type of blood?

A

Oxygenated blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fenestrations and junctions allow what?

A

Exchange between blood and cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the supracristal plane?

A

(High points of iliac crests) and crossing L4 spinous process, L4/L5 intervertebral disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a good way to remember the vertebral arch?

A

Think of the vertebral arch as a house, where pedicles are the walls and the laminae form the roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The foramen transversarium transmits what?

A

Vertebral arteries traveling up to the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The triangular large vertebral foramen in the cervical region, accommodates what?

A

The cervical enlargement of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the zygapophyseal (facet) joint articulate facet orientation in the cervical region?

A

In between the frontal and horizontal planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is another name for C-spine odontoid peg view?

A

“Open mouth view”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Each thoracic vertebra has ____ joint surfaces, making motion in this region ______

A

12, restricted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Zygapophyseal (facet) joint facet orientation in the thoracic region is where?

A

In the frontal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Zygapophyseal (facet) joint facet orientation in the lumbar region is where? And what does this permit?

A

In the sagittal plane

Permits mainly flexion/extension and minimal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is another name for the articular surface on the sacrum? Why?

A

Auricular surface, because it resembles an ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does “ala” on the sacrum get its name from?

A

Latin for “wing”

Named for its wing-like shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tears in the annulus fibrosus allow for what?

A

herniation of nucleus pulposus out unto the spinal cord (and displaced posterior longitudinal ligament as a result of the disc herniation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the water content in a posterior disc herniation at birth and 60 y/o?

A

gel-like nucleus pulposus contains 80% water at birth and less than 70% by age 60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the triangle of auscultation allow for? Why?

A

respiratory sounds to be heard clearly

bc of thinning of back musculature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a pt asked to do to help reveal the triangle of auscultation?

A

fold the arms across chest and flex forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Testing trapezius function is a quick way to assess what? What do you have the pt do?

A

assess the integrity of cranial nerve XI (accessory)

ask pt to shrug shoulders and test muscle strength

asymmetry indicates a potential lesion of CN XI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What can be a root cause of lumbar lordosis?

A

psoas muscle tightness (typically psoas major)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the transversospinalis group provide?

A

increased stabilization to the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which muscle group is important for posture?

A

erector spinae group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What limits hyperextension of the spine?

A

anterior longitudinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What limits hyperflexion of the spine?

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Name this ligament:

thin ligament that runs the length of the vertebral column

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does the ligamentum flavum of the vertebrae do?

A

connect adjacent laminae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

T/F:

spinal nerves exit above corresponding vertebrae in the cervical region and below in thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the function of GSA (general sensory afferent)?

A

discriminative touch, proprioception, and pain and temp from the skin, joints, and muscles (somatic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the function of GVA (general visceral afferent)?

A

sensation from the viscera (visceral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the function of GVE (general visceral efferent)?

A

motor to viscera (visceral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the function of GSE (general somatic efferent)?

A

motor to skeletal muscles (somatic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Spinal ganglion houses what?

A

cell bodies for somatic and autonomic sensory neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Filum terminale (pia) anchors what?

A

spinal cord inferiorly to the coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Lining the spinal canal and helping anchor the spinal cord laterally are _______ pairs of denticulate ligaments

A

20-22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Periosteal and equatorial branches arise from _______ ________ arteries to supply the vertebral column

A

segmental spinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

When performing a lumbar puncture, the needle should be inserted below the level at which the spinal cord ends. What is this place called?

A

conus medullaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What can be palpated in the anatomical snuff box?

A

scaphoid bone and the radial styloid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What prevents upward displacement of humeral head?

A

coracohumeral ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What vein runs laterally in the deltopectoral groove and drains into the proximal axillary vein?

A

cephalic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is a common site for venipuncture?

A

median cubital vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What vein runs medially, pierces brachial fascia, and joins the brachial vein to form the axillary vein?

A

basilic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Which lymph nodes are the first to receive lymph from the upper limb?

A

humeral (lateral) axillary lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Where will any infection (lymphangitis) first drain to?

A

humeral (lateral) axillary lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Which nodes receive lymph from the breast and are commonly biopsied when breast carcinoma is present?

A

pectoral nodes (pectoral axillary lymph nodes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Axillary artery is divided into 3 parts that correspond to the position of _________ ________ muscle

A

pectoralis minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Inferior border of _______ ________ marks the transition from axillary to brachial arteries

A

teres major

50
Q

In the male, the nipple is a reliable landmark for the _____ intercostal space. Owning to variable amounts of adipose in the female breast, this relationship does not always exist

A

4th

51
Q

The circumflex scapular artery travels in which space?

A

triangular space

52
Q

Thumb abduction and adduction occur in the ______ plane when standing in anatomical position

A

sagittal

53
Q

Thumb extension and flexion occur in the_______ plane when standing in anatomical position

A

frontal (coronal)

54
Q

What does VAN stand for?

A

vein, artery, nerve

55
Q

What is a reliable surface landmark for the 6th intercostal space in females?

A

inferior mammillary fold

56
Q

Where does the lactiferous duct drain into?

A

lactiferous sinus

57
Q

What does the fat of a breast contain?

A

hormone-sensitive loose connective tissue

58
Q

25% of lymph from breast travels medially to what nodes?

A

parasternal nodes

59
Q

75% of lymph from breast travels laterally to what nodes? What other nodes are here?

A

axillary nodes

axillary nodes contain:
1) central (deep within the axilla) nodes
2) humeral (lateral) nodes
3) subscapular (posterior) nodes
4) pectoral (anterior) nodes
5) apical nodes

60
Q

What is a common site for fluid accumulation in thoracic cavity?

A

costodiaphragmatic recess

61
Q

Right lung has _____ bronchopulmonary segments

A

10

62
Q

Left lung has _____ bronchopulmonary segments

A

8

63
Q

Where does the vagus nerve travel in the thoracic region?

A

posterior to the bronchi

64
Q

Right primary bronchus is ____ and _____ than the left pulmonary bronchus

A

wider and shorter

65
Q

Left primary bronchus is ______ and ______ than the right primary bronchus

A

narrow and longer

66
Q

Pulmonary vessels that are arteries are _____ which carry deoxygenated blood, and veins are ______ which carry oxygenated blood

A

blue, red

67
Q

Bronchial arteries arise from where? What do they follow?

A

thoracic aorta or aortic intercostal branches

they follow segmental bronchi to supply lung parenchyma and root structure

68
Q

Right bronchomediastinal lymph trunk drains into……

A

right lympathic duct

69
Q

Left bronchomediastinal lymph trunk drains into…..

A

thoracic duct

70
Q

What distinguishes a bronchus from a bronchiole?

A

hyaline cartilage

(bronchus has hyaline cartilage)

71
Q

Right and left brachiocephalic veins join to form the _________, which drains into the right atrium of the heart

A

superior vena cava (SVC)

72
Q

Phrenic nerve passes _______ to the root of the lung

A

anterior

(this is for both right and left!)

73
Q

Arch of the aorta begins and ends at the….

A

sternal angle

74
Q

R/L brachiocephalic veins drain into where?

A

SVC

75
Q

Trachea bifurcates at the…..

A

sternal angle

76
Q

The lymphatic duct travels between the….

A

esophagus and left vagus nerve

77
Q

Where does the intercostal neurovascular bundles travel between?

A

the innermost and internal intercostal muscles

78
Q

Foramen ovale allows what to bypass the lungs?

A

blood

79
Q

Ductus arteriosus allows what to bypass the lungs?

A

blood

80
Q

Ductus venosus allows blood to bypass what organ?

A

liver

81
Q

________ arteries carry fetal blood to the placenta to pick up more oxygen

A

umbilical

82
Q

Umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from _______ to _________

A

placenta to fetus

83
Q

To keep the order of atrioventricular valves straight, remember the saying “TRY before you BUY” because __________ valve comes before ________ valve in the sequence of blood flow through the heart

A

tricuspid, bicuspid

84
Q

What is an external feature that marks the level of the intervertebral disc between L3 and L4 in non-obese individuals

A

umbilicus

85
Q

To remember fiber direction for ________ ________, think of putting your hands in front pockets

A

external obliques

86
Q

Cutaneous nerves travel between the…..

A

internal oblique and transversus abdominis

87
Q

Internal oblique fibers are _______ to external oblique fibers

A

perpendicular

88
Q

At the parietal peritoneum of the abdomen, transition of all 3 lateral abdominal wall aponeuroses into the anterior rectus sheath allows for what?

A

entry of interior epigastric vessels posterior to rectus abdominis

89
Q

At the parietal peritoneum of the abdomen, transition of all 3 lateral abdominal wall aponeuroses into the anterior rectus sheath allows for entry of interior epigastric vessels posterior to rectus abdominis. This also sets up a weakness where? Potential site for what?

A

weakness in the anterior abdominal wall

potential site for a direct inguinal hernia

90
Q

Abdominal musculature is derived from what?

A

myotomes in the trunk region, specifically the anterior (ventral) hypomere

91
Q

Abdominal musculature is innervated segmentally by….

A

anterior rami

92
Q

What is the lateral boundary of inguinal triangle (IT)

A

inferior epigastric vessels

93
Q

What is an important landmark for inguinal hernias?

A

inferior epigastric vessels

94
Q

Located midway along the inguinal ligament, just lateral to inferior epigastric vessels is the…

A

approx. site of deep inguinal ring

95
Q

What is made by the fusion of internal oblique and transversus abdominis?

A

conjoint tendon

96
Q

What is an example of an intraperitoneal organ?

A

stomach

97
Q

What is the stomach suspended by?

A

the lesser and greater omentum (visceral peritoneum)

98
Q

What are 2 examples of retroperitoneal organs?

A

pancreas and part of the duodenum

99
Q

What is a common site of fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity?

A

rectouterine pouch

100
Q

Visceral peritoneum covers abdominal organs in varying degrees, making them either ________ or __________

A

intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

101
Q

Parietal peritoneum lines what?

A

inner surface of abdominal wall

102
Q

What contains the portal triad (portal vein, proper hepatic artery, and common bile duct)?

A

lesser omentum

103
Q

What is the portal triad?

A

portal vein, proper hepatic artery, and common bile duct

104
Q

What acts as the “abdominal policeman” by adhering to and walling off areas of inflammation?

A

greater omentum

105
Q

Name this artery:

anastomoses with left colic artery by way of the marginal artery at the left colic (splenic) flexure

A

middle colic artery

106
Q

Name this artery:

anastomoses with middle colic artery from superior mesenteric artery

A

marginal artery

107
Q

What provides most of the blood supply to the inferior diaphragm?

A

inferior phrenic arteries

108
Q

What provides most of the blood supply to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

lumbar arteries

109
Q

Unlike most veins, the ______ vein lacks competent valves to ensure proper direction of blood flow

A

portal

110
Q

Small sac-like structure collects lymph just inferior to the diaphragm before draining into thoracic duct. What is this called?

A

cysterna chyli

111
Q

Efferent vessels from lumbar and intestinal nodes converge to form lumbar and intestinal lymphatic trunks, respectively, before draining into the _________

A

cisterna chyli

112
Q

What are the general parasympathetic rules regarding vagal trunks?

A

long preganglionic fibers may travel through prevertebral ganglia before synapsing in or close to the wall of the viscera. Short preganglionic neurons are located in the visceral walls

113
Q

What are the general sympathetic rules regarding thoracic splanchnic nerves?

A

long preganglionic fibers synapse in prevertebral ganglia. Short postganglionic fibers ride the vasculature out to the viscera

114
Q

Gastric ridges have mucosal folds in the stomach that are….

A

longitudinal

115
Q

Remnant of fetal ductus venosus, which shunts maternal blood past fetal liver. What is this called?

A

ligamentum venosum

116
Q

What is the derivative of ventral mesentery?

A

falciform ligament

117
Q

Remnant of fetal umbilical vein, which carries maternal blood from placenta. What is this called?

A

ligamentum teres hepatis

118
Q

What joins the superior mesenteric vein to form the hepatic portal vein?

A

splenic vein

119
Q

Small intestine folds span the entire lumen. What is this called?

A

valvulae conniventes

120
Q

What does “recta” mean in vasa recta of the small intestine?

A

recta means straight

121
Q

What is an easy way to remember the relationship between the ureter and gonadal vessels?

A

“water under the bridge”

water representing the ureter and the vessels are the bridge

Anatomy (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions