Anatomy Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

List and define the three parts of the nervous system

A

Central- brain,spinal cord, involuntary 5 senses
Peripheral- system of nerves that connects the peripheral parts to the CNS
Autonomic-involuntary. breathing and heart beating. 

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2
Q

what are nerves?

A

whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connective tissue 

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3
Q

The two types of nerves 

A

sensory carries impulses from sense organs to brain, motor carries impulses from brain to muscle or glands 

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4
Q

what are receptors 

A

Sensory nerve endings

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5
Q

List and defined the nerves of the arm 

A

Digital- supplies the fingers
Radial- supplies, the thumb side of the arm and back of hand
Ulnar- affects the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hand 
Median- supplies, the arm and hand

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6
Q

how many pairs of cranial nerves arise from the base of the brain and the brain system? 

A

12

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7
Q

The study of the structure and composition of tissue 

A

histology

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8
Q

The dense, active Proto plasm found in the center of a cell 

A

nucleus 

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9
Q

takes in nutrients, breaks them down and creates energy for the cells. It works to keep the cell full of energy. 

A

mitochondria

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10
Q

The part of the cell that encloses the Protoplasm and permitted soluble substances to enter and leave 

A

cell membrane

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11
Q

muscles are connected to bones by

A

tendons 

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12
Q

bones are connected to each other by 

A

 ligaments

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13
Q

The two types of joints 

A

movable and immovable 

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14
Q

The human head contains 22 bones divided into two groups. What are these groups called? 

A

cranium and facial bones 

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15
Q

what are capillaries 

A

tiny, thin walled blood vessels connect to smaller arteries to venules 

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16
Q

three facts about blood 

A

8 to 10 pints in the human body, salty and sticky, normally 98.6°F. 

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17
Q

what are the five functions of the blood? 

A

carries water, oxygen nutrients and minerals. carries a Way carbon dioxide. helps to equalize the bodies temperature. Aids in protecting the body from harmful bacteria infections. Closes injured blood vessels by blood clot. 

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18
Q

what is the difference between white and red blood cells? 

A

White blood cells destroy disease, causing microorganisms, red blood cells carry oxygen to the body cells 

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19
Q

what is the difference between platelets and plasma

A

platelets contribute blood clotting process. Plasma is the fluid part of blood that acts as a delivery system.

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20
Q

List the endocrine glands and their functions 

A
  1. pineal is sexual development, sleep and metabolism.
  2. pituitary effects almost every physiological process of the body.
    3.Thyoid secretes, hormones that regulate the bodies, metabolism, heart & digestive function, brain, development, and maintenance of bone mass.
  3. parathyroid regulates blood calcium and phosphorus levels 
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21
Q

what is the digestive system? 

A

it breaks down food 

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22
Q

what is the reproductive system? 

A

produces children 

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23
Q

what is the lymphatic system? 

A

protects the body from disease by developing resistances 

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24
Q

what is the integumentary system? 

A

largest organ of the body. first line of defense against infection and water loss 

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25
Q

What is the muscular

A

Covers shapes and supports the skeletal tissue

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26
Q

what is the skeletal system

A

Forms of physical foundation of the body

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27
Q

what is the circulatory system?

A

Delivery of the blood through the body 

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28
Q

what is the endocrine system?

A

Affects growth, development, sexual activities, and normal regulatory processes of the body 

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29
Q

What is the excretory system?

A

Elimination of waste matter

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30
Q

what is the nervous system?

A

Carries messages through the central nervous system 

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31
Q

effects the external ear, and the skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull 

A

Auriculotemporal nerve 

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32
Q

skin of the lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip and mouth 

A

infraorbital nerve

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33
Q

affects the muscles of the upper part of the cheek 

A

zygomatic nerve 

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34
Q

affects the SKIN of the lower lip and chin

A

mental nerve 

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35
Q

affects the point and lower side of the nose

A

nasal nerve

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36
Q

affects the MUSCLES of the chin and lower lip 

A

mandibular nerve 

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37
Q

affects the membrane and the skin of the nose

A

infrarochlear nerves

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38
Q

affects the skin between the eyes in the upper side of the nose

A

Supertrochlear nerve

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39
Q

Affects the upper part of the face

A

maxillary nerve 

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40
Q

affects the forehead, upper eyelids and anterior portion of the scalp orbit, eyeball and nasal passage 

A

ophthalmic nerve 

41
Q

affects the muscles of the temple in the side of the forehead

A

Temporal nerve

42
Q

Affects the muscles behind the ear at the base of the skull

A

posterior auricular nerve

43
Q

affects the muscles of the mouth 

A

buccal nerve 

44
Q

Affects the sides of the neck and Pettise, my muscle

A

Cervical nerve

45
Q

Located at the side of the neck, affects the face ears, neck, and parotid gland

A

greater auricular nerve 

46
Q

located at the base of the skull, affects the scalp and muscle behind the ear

A

Smaller, occipital nerve 

47
Q

located in the back of the neck, affects the scalp as far as up to the top of the head

A

Greater occipital nerve

48
Q

Located the side of the neck, affects the front and sides of the neck down to the breastbone

A

cervical cutaneous nerve 

49
Q

thick walled muscular tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the arterioles

A

Arteries

50
Q

The main source of blood supply to the head, face and neck

A

Common carotid arteries 

51
Q

small vessels that connect capillaries to veins

A

Venules 

52
Q

largest artery in the body

A

Aorta 

53
Q

small arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries

A

Arterioles

54
Q

contains cup like valves that keep blood flowing in one direction to the heart to prevent the blood from flowing backwards

A

Veins

55
Q

fights infections, and detoxifies the blood

A

Lymph nodes

56
Q

liquid that circulates throughout the body, that disperses white blood cells and sell nutrients

A

Lymph

57
Q

Specialized organs that produce chemicals necessary for various body systems function

A

Glands

58
Q

major role in sexual development, sleep and metabolism

A

pineal gland

59
Q

affects every process in the body

A

pituitary gland

60
Q

function and sexual

A

Ovaries and testes 

61
Q

located in the neck, regulates the body’s metabolism

A

Thyroid

62
Q

regulates blood, calcium and phosphorus

A

Parathyroid

63
Q

Also call ductless glands releases hormones directly to the blood system

A

Endocrine glands

64
Q

responsible for digesting, carbohydrates, proteins, and

A

Pancreas

65
Q

creates enzymes necessary for digestion 

A

liver 

66
Q

muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing

A

Diaphragm 

67
Q

aids in regulating the metabolism, stress, response, and blood pressure

A

Adrenal gland

68
Q

Microscopic cells, which areas exchange for carbon dioxide during a breath

A

lungs

69
Q

forms the side of the eyesocket 

A

Sphenoid

70
Q

Forms of sides of the head in the air region

A

Temporal

71
Q

The forehead

A

Frontal

72
Q

Forms of sides, and the top of the

A

parietal 

73
Q

spongy bone between the eye sockets, that forms the nasal cavities

A

 ethmoid 

74
Q

forms the back of the skull above nape

A

Occipital

75
Q

flat, thin forms, that part of the nasal septum 

A

vomer

76
Q

Lower jaw strongest on the face

A

Mandible

77
Q

Hard pallet of the mouth

A

palatine

78
Q

The upper jaw

A

maxillae

79
Q

thin spongy bone on the outer walls of the nasal depression

A

turbinal

80
Q

forms the bridge of the nose

A

Nasal

81
Q

wrist

A

carpus

82
Q

palm

A

metacarpus

83
Q

smaller bone on the forearm on the same side as the thumb

A

Radius 

84
Q

The inner and larger bone of the forearm on the side with the little finger

A

ulna

85
Q

upper most and largest bone of the arm

A

Humorous

86
Q

muscles on the side of the head

A

Temporalis 

87
Q

back of the epicranius
draws the scalp back

A

Occipitalis

88
Q

raises the eyebrows bring scalp forward

A

Frontalis

89
Q

covers the entire skull includes occipitalis, and the frontalis 

A

epicranius/ occupitalfrontalis

90
Q

under the frontalis and orbiculsris oculi, draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically

A

corrugator

91
Q

elevates the lower lip 

A

Mentalis 

92
Q

Controls the eyelid

A

levator papaebrae superioris

93
Q

flat band around the upper and lower lip

A

Orbicularis oris

94
Q

draws back the corners of the mouth 

A

levator anguli oris

95
Q

draws the corners of the mouth out and back 

A

risoruis

96
Q

alongside the train pulls down the corners of the mouth

A

Triangularis

97
Q

lifting the wings of the nose and upper lip, showing this taste Elvis lip

A

Orbicularis oculi

98
Q

Where is the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose?

A

procerus