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Anatomy > Anatomy Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Anatomy Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

O: Anterior inferior iliac spine and upper acetabulum
I: Patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Extends knee; Flexes thigh
N: Femoral Nerve

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2
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

O: Greater tubercle and tibial tuberosity
I: Patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Extends leg at knee
N: Femoral Nerve

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3
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

O: Intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera
I: Patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Extends leg at knee
N: Femoral Nerve

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4
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

O: Anterior and lateral femur
I: Patella and tibial tuberosity
A: Extends leg at knee
N: Femoral Nerve

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5
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae

A

O: Iliac crest and superior iliac spine
I: Iliotibial tract
A: Abducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
N: Superior Gluteal Nerve

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6
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

O: Dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
I: Gluteal tiberosity of femur, iliotibial tract
A: Abducts, extends, and laterally rotates thigh
N: Inferior Gluteal Nerve

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7
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

O: Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines on ilium
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter
A: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
N: Superior Gluteal Nerve

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8
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

O: Between anterior and inferior gluteal lines on ilium
I: Greater trochanter
A: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
N: Superior Gluteal Nerve

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9
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Anterolateral surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter
A: Laterally rotates extended thigh
N: S1 and S2 Nerves

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10
Q

Obturator Internus

A

O: Obturator membrane, greater sciatic notch
I: Greater trochanter (above piriformis)
A: Rotates extended thigh laterally
N: L5 and S1 Nerves

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11
Q

Obturator Externus

A

O: Obturator membrane, pubis, and ischium
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
A: Rotates extended thigh laterally
N: Obturator Nerve

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12
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Intertrochanteric crest of femur
A: Rotates thigh laterally
N: L5 and S1

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13
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

O: long head - Ischial tuberosity
short head - lateral linea aspera
I: Lateral head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
A: Flexes leg and rotates tibia laterally
N: Sciatic Nerve

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14
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial tibial shaft
A: Extends thigh and flexes knee
N: Sciatic Nerve

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15
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Medial condyle of tibia
A: Extends thigh and flexes knee
N: Sciatic Nerve

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16
Q

Superior Gemellus

A

O: Ischial Spine
I: Greater trochanter
A: Rotates extended thigh laterally
N: L5 and S1

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17
Q

Inferior Gemellus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Greater trochanter
A: Rotates extended thigh laterally
N: L5 and S1

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18
Q

Popliteus

A

O: Lateral condyle of femur
I: Proximal tibia
A: Flexes and rotates leg medially
N: Tibial Nerve

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19
Q

Plantaris

A

O: Posterior femur above lateral condyle
I: Calcaneus
A: Flexes knee and plantar flexes foot
N: Tibial Nerve

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20
Q

Gastrocnemius

A 
O: Medial Head - Medial condyle of femur
     Lateral Head - Lateral condyle of femur 
I: Posterior Calcaneus 
A: Plantar flexes foot 
N: Tibial Nerve
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21
Q

Soleus

A

O: Superior tibia, fibula, and interosseus membrane (posterior)
I: Posterior Calcaneus
A: Plantar flexes foot
N: Tibial Nerve

22
Q

Plantar Interossei

A

O: Medial side of metatarsals 3-5
I: Medial side of phalanges 3-5
A: Adduct toes 3-5
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

23
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

O: Inner aspects of all metatarsals
I: Base of proximal phalanges 2-4
A: Abduct toes 2-4
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

24
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Superior anterior calcaneus
I: Proximal phalanx of big toe
A: Extends big toe
N: Deep Peroneal Nerve

25
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

O: Anterior calcaneus and extensor retinaculum
I: Proximal phalanx of big toe
A: Extends toes at metatarsophalangeal joints
N: Deep Fibular Nerve

26
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

O: Base of metatarsal 5
I: Base of proximal phalanx of little toe
A: Flexes little toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

27
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Lateral cuneiform and cuboid bones
I: Base of proximal phalanx of big toe
A: Flexes big toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
N: Medial Plantar Nerve

28
Q

Lumbricals

A

O: Flexor digitorum longus tendons
I: Extensor expansion on proximal phalanx of toes 2-5
A: Flex toes at metatarsophalangeal joints and extend toes at interphalangeal joints
N: Medial and Lateral Plantar Nerves

29
Q

Adductor Hallucis

A

O: Oblique Head - Bases of metatarsals 2-4
Transverse Head - metatarsophalangeal ligament
I: Base of proximal phalanx of big toe
A: Maintains transverse arch of foot, weakly adducts
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

30
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

O: Ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
I: Linea aspera and adductor tubercle
A: Anterior - Adducts, medially rotates and flexes thigh
Posterior - Extends thigh
N: Obturator and Sciatic Nerves

31
Q

Adductor Longus

A

O: Pubis near pubic symphysis
I: Linea aspera and adductor tubercle
A: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
N: Obturator Nerve

32
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

O: Inferior pubic ramus
I: Linea aspera above adductor longus
A: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
N: Obturator Nerve

33
Q

Pectineus

A

O: Pectineal line of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur between linea aspera and lesser trochanter
A: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
N: Femoral Nerve

34
Q

Gracilis

A

O: Inferior ramus of pubis and body of pubis
I: Medial surface of tibia
A: Adducts thigh, flexes knee, and medially rotates thigh
N: Obturator Nerve

35
Q

Iliacus (Iliopsoas)

A

O: Iliac fossa and crest
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
A: Flexes thigh at hip
N: Femoral Nerve

36
Q

Psoas Major (Iliopsoas)

A

O: Lumbar and T12 vertebrae
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
A: Flexes thigh and trunk
N: L1 Nerve, Ventral Rami

37
Q

Sartorius

A

O: Anterosuperior iliac spine
I: Superior medial tibia
A: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh
N: Femoral Nerve

38
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

O: Medial and lateral calcaneus
I: Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
A: Straightens out the oblique pull of flexor digitorum longus
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

39
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

O: Anteromedial fibula shaft
I: Distal phalanx of big toe
A: Extends big toe
N: Deep Fibular Nerve

40
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

O: Calcaneal tuberosity
I: Middle phalanx of toes 2-4
A: Flexes toes
N: Medial Plantar Nerve

41
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

O: Calcaneal tuberosity
I: Lateral side of proximal phalanx of little toe
A: Abducts and flexes little toe
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve

42
Q

Abductor Hallucis

A

O: Calcaneal tuberosity and flexor retinaculum
I: Proximal phalanx of big toe, medial side
A: Abducts big toe
N: Medial Plantar Nerve

43
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

O: Midshaft of fibula
I: Distal phalanx of big toe
A: Plantar flexes and inverts foot, flexes big toe
N: Tibial Nerve

44
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Posterior tibia
I: Distal phalanges of toes 2-5
A: Plantar flexes and inverts foot, flexes toes
N: Tibial Nerve

45
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

O: Superior tibia and fibula
I: Metatarsals 2-4
A: Prime mover of foot inversion
N: Tibial Nerve

46
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Lateral condyle of tibia, upper fibula
I: Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
A: Prime mover of toe extension
N: Deep Fibular Nerve

47
Q

Peroneus Longus

A

O: Head and upper lateral fibula
I: First metatarsal and medial cuneiform
A: Plantar flexes and everts foot
N: Superficial Fibular Nerve

48
Q

Peroneus Brevis

A

O: Distal fibula shaft
I: Proximal 5th metatarsal
A: Plantar flexes and everts foot
N: Superficial Fibular Nerve

49
Q

Peroneus Tertius

A

O: Distal anterior fibula
I: Dorsum of 5th metatarsal
A: Dorsiflexes and everts foot
N: Deep Fibular Nerve

50
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

O: Lateral condyle and upper tibial shaft
I: Inferior surface of medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal
A: Prime mover of dorsiflexion
N: Deep Fibular Nerve

Anatomy (3 decks)

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