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MSK 100 Final > Anatomy Lecture 12: Anterior & Medial thigh muscles & asynch > Flashcards

Anatomy Lecture 12: Anterior & Medial thigh muscles & asynch Flashcards

1
Q

Deep fascia of the thigh:

A

Fascia late divided into three compartments:

-Anterior (extensor) compartment
-Medial (adductor) compartment
-Posterior (flexor) compartment

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2
Q

Psoas Major:

A

O: Bodies of TPs of L1-L5

I: lesser trochanter of femur

A:
1) flex of hip
2) lat. rotation of thigh
3) flex of trunk
4) lat. flex of trunk
5) Anterior tilt of pelvis

N: Lumbar plexus (L1,2,3)

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3
Q

Iliacus:

A

O: iliac fossa, sacral ala

I: Lesser trochanter of femur

A:
1) flex of thigh
2) lat. rotation of thigh
3) Anterior tilt of pelvis

N: Femoral nerve

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4
Q

Muscle contracture of this muscle and its role on lumbar hyper lordosis:

A

Psoas Major

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5
Q

Muscles of the anterior (extensor) compartment:

A

Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris:
-Rectus femoris
-Vastus lateralis
-Vastus medialis
-Vastus intermedius

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6
Q

Sartorius:

A

O: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

I: Proximal part of medial surface of shaft of tibia (forms pes anserine tendon)

A:
1) Flex @ hip & knee
2) abd @ hip
3) lat. rot. @ hip
5) med. rot. @ knee

N: Femoral N.

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7
Q

Rectus femoris:

A

O:
-Anterior head: AIIS (straight)
-Post. head: Groove above the brim of acetabulum (reflected)

I: Base of patella via the quadriceps tendon & then to tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament (tendon)

A:
1) Ext @ knee
2) Flex @ thigh

N: Femoral nerve

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8
Q

Vastus Lateralis:

A

O:
-intertrochanteric line
-Gluteal tuberosity
-Lateral lip of linea aspera

I: Lateral border of patella via quadriceps tendon and then to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament (tendon)

A: Ext. @ knee

N: Femoral N.

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9
Q

Vastus medialis:

A

O:
-Intertrochanteric line
-Medial lip of linea aspera
-Medial supracondylar line

I: medial border of patella via quadriceps tendon and then to tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

A: Ext. @ knee

I: Femoral N.

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10
Q

Vastus Intermedius:

A

O: Anterior & lateral surfaces of body of femur

I: base of patella via quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

A: Ext @ knee

N: Femoral N.

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11
Q

Articularis genus:

A

O: anterior surface of lower part of the body of femur

I: upper part of the capsule and synovial membrane of the knee joint

A: It elevates the capsule and the synovial membrane of the knee joint and prevents them from being pinched during extension of the leg.

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12
Q

Medial compartment of thigh muscles:

A

Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis

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13
Q

Pectineus:

A

O: pectineal line of pubis

I: Pectineal line of femur

A: Add & flex @ hip

N: Femoral N.

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14
Q

Adductor longus:

A

O: anterior surface of pubis

I: Middle part of linea aspera

A: Add., flex., lat. rot. @ hip

N: Obturator N.

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15
Q

Adductor brevis:

A

O: body & inferior ramus of pubis

I: proximal 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

A: Add., flex., lat. rot. @ hip

N: Obturator N.

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16
Q

Adductor magnus:

A

O:
Ant head: Ischiopubic ramus (adductor part)

Post. head: Ischial tuberosity (hamstring or ischial part)

I:
Ant. head: (adductor part)
-Linea aspera
-Gluteal tuberosity
-Medial supracondylar line

Post. Head: (hamstring or ischial part)
Adductor tubercle

A: Add. Flex., Ext., Lat. rot. @ hip

N:
Ant. head (pubic): Obturator N.
Post. head (Hamstring or ischial): Tibial N.

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17
Q

Adductor hiatus:

A

Femoral artery & vein pass through the adductor hiatus of adductor magnus.

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18
Q

Gracilis:

A

O:
-body of pubis
-Inferior ramus of pubis

I: Proximal part of medial surface of shaft of tibia (forms pes anserine)

A:
1) add., & flex. @ hip
2) flex., & med. rot. @ knee

N: Obturator N.

19
Q

Adductor muscle notes:

A

Patients with cerebral palsy: muscles are spastics, hence scissors gait (need tenotomy)

Role of gracilis is surgical reconstruction.

Adductor magnus is also known as 4th hamstring.

20
Q

Pes anserine:

A

Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus attach to the upper medial side of the tibia in a three-pronged pattern.

Their combined tendons make up the pes anserine.

21
Q

Femoral triangle:

A

Clinical correlation:

Borders: “SAIL”
-Sartorius
-Adductors
-Inguinal ligament

Contents: “NAVEL”
-Nerve
-Artery
-Vein
-Empty space
-Lymph

22
Q

Femoral canal:

A

Inverted cone shaped fascial space medial to the femoral vein w/in the upper femoral triangle.

It’s only 1-2cm long & opens superiorly as the femoral ring. Mainly serves to allow the femoral vein to expand when there is increased venous return from the lower limb.

23
Q

Femoral hernia:

A
24
Q

Lag deep fascia:

A
25
Q

Gastrocnemius:

A

O:
-Med. head: Medial condyle of femur
-Lat. Head: Lateral condyle of femur

I: Achilles tendon

A:
1) Plantar flex. of foot
2) Flex. @ knee

N: Tibial N.

26
Q

Soleus:

A

O:
-Soleal line of tibia
-Head of the fibula
-Proximal posterior surface of body of fibula

I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)

A: Plantar flex. of foot

N: Tibial N.

27
Q

Gastrocnemius & Soleus muscle notes:

A

-Triceps surae
-Fabella
-Gastro & soleus role in venous return; 2nd heart of the body
-DTR of S1 is calcaneal tendon

28
Q

Plantaris:

A

O: Lower part of the lateral supracondylar ridge of femur

I: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles)

A:
Plantar flex foot
flex @ knee

N: Tibial N.

29
Q

Flexor hallucis longus:

A

O: inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula & interosseous membrane

I: Distal phalanx of big toe

A:
1) flex. of big toe @ MTP & IP
2) Plantar flex. of foot @ ankle
3) Inversion of foot @ subtalar j.

N: Tibial N.

30
Q

Flexor digitorum longus:

A

O: middle 1/3 of tibia

I: base of distal phalanges of toes 2-5

A:
1) flex of toes 2-5 @ MTP & PIP & DIP
2) Plantar flex. of foot @ ankle
3) Inversion of foot @ subtalar j

N: Tibial N.

31
Q

Tibialis posterior:

A

O: proximal of posterior surface of tibia, fibula, and interosseous

I:
-2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsals
-Navicular
-All 3 cuneiforms
-Cuboid
-Calcaneus

A:
1) plantar flex. foot @ ankle
2) Inversion of foot @ subtalar j.

N: Tibial N.

32
Q

Popliteus:

A

O: lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur

I: above the soleal line on the posterior tibia

A:
1) flex @ knee
2) med. rot. @ knee

N: Tibial N.

33
Q

Popliteus muscle notes:

A

-role in un-locking the knee
-acts on the lateral meniscus

34
Q

Arrangement of the anatomical structures passing behind the medial malleolus:

A

Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry

35
Q

Popliteal fossa:

A
36
Q

Tibialis Anterior:

A

O: lateral condyle and upper 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia & interosseus membrane

I: 1st (medial) cuneiform
Base of 1st metatarsal

A:
1) dorsiflex of foot @ ankle
2) Inversion of foot @ subtalar J.

N: Deep fibular (peroneal)

37
Q

Extensor hallucis longus:

A

O: middle 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula & interosseous membrane

I: base of distal phalanx of big toe

A:
1) Ext. of big toe @ MTP & IP
2) Dorsiflex of foot @ ankle
3) Inversion of foot @ subtalar J.

N: deep fibular (peroneal)

38
Q

Extensor digitorum Longus:

A

O:
-lat condyle of tibia
-proximal 2/3 of ant. surface of fibula
-interosseous membrane

I: middle & distal phalanges of toes 2-5 (via dorsal digital expansion)

A:
1) Ext. of toes 2-5 @ MTP and IP
2) Dorsiflex of foot @ ankle
3) Eversion of foot @ subtalar J.

N: Deep fibular (peroneal)

39
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius:

A

O: distal 1/3 of ant. surface of fibula & interosseous mem.

I: base of 5th metatarsal

A:
1) dorsiflex of foot @ ankle
2) Eversion of foot @ subtalar J

N: Deep fibular (peroneal)

40
Q

Compartment syndrome:

A

swelling of muscles cause compression of nerves and blood vessels

41
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) longus:

A

O:
-head of fibula
-proximal 1/2 of lateral surface of fibula

I:
-base of the 1st metatarsal
-1st cuneiform

A:
1) Eversion of foot @ subtalar J
2) Plantar flex. of foot @ ankle

N: Superficial Fibular (peroneal)

42
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis:

A

O: distal 1/2 of lat. surface of fibula

I: Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal

A:
1) eversion of foot @ subtalar j
2) Plantar flex. of foot @ ankle

N: Superficial fibular (peroneal)

43
Q

Peroneal (fibularis) muscle notes:

A

-Peroneal (fibularis) muscles as a group, 1 in front of lateral malleolus, & two behind

-Their action at the ankle joint is different.

MSK 100 Final (8 decks)

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