Anatomy Lab #1: Part 3 Cells Flashcards
Define amphipathic
A molecule that possess both hydrophobic & hydrophilic regions
Define simple diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration; does
not need chemical energy, a membrane, or carrier proteins to work
Define facilitated diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration; does
not need chemical energy, but does need carrier proteins embedded in the membrane to work
Define osmosis
Diffusion of water across a membrane. Water moves from where it is high to where it is low
Define active transport
Movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration; needs
ATP and carrier proteins embedded in the membrane to work
Define endocytosis
Transportation of large molecules into the cell via the formation of a vesicle
Define exocytosis
Transportation of large molecules out the cell via the formation of a vesicle
What is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?
Phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis which is defined as “cellular eating” of solid matter, while pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis which is defined as “cellular drinking” of extracellular fluid
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
Protection; regulates the passage of material
Function of nucleus
Control center; contains DNA
Function of Cytoskeleton
Structure, support, motility
Function of Mitochondria
Cell Respiration Power House of the Cell
Function of Lysosome
Digestion
Function of Rough ER
Possesses ribosomes on its surface for the modification,
transport, packaging of proteins
Function of Golgi Bodies
It processes, sorts, packages, & delivers proteins & lipids to the
plasma membrane & forms lysosomes & secretory vesicles
Function of Ribosomes
Protein Synthesis
Function of Nucleolus
Ribosome Production
Function of Peroxisomes
Digestion and Detoxification
Function of Centrioles
Forms mitotic spindles
Name the stages of the Cell Cycle
Interphase and Mitosis
What are the stages of interphase and what occurs in each?
G1, S, G2
G1 and G2 are growth stages preparing for mitosis
S Phase is where DNA is replicated
What are the 4 stages of mitosis and briefly describe what occurs in each of them.
Prophase - Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope disintegrates, spindle formation
Metaphase - Chromosome alignment on metaphase plate/equator
Anaphase - Chromosome separation
Telophase - Chromosomes decondense, nuclear envelope reforms; 2 daughter cells formed
