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ACEM > Anatomy Key Facts > Flashcards

Anatomy Key Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Ant. triangle of the neck.
Boundaries (3)

A

Midline
Ant. - Border of SCM
Inf. - Border of mandible

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2
Q

Ant. triangle of neck.
Contents (5=2+4+4+4+1)

A

Vascular - *Common/int/ext carotids and branches, *IJV
Nerves - Hypoglossal (XII), *Vagus (X), int/ext laryngeal nerve, ansa cervicalis
MSK - Digastric, omohyoid, platysma, hyoid bone
Thyro-Aerodigestive - Larynx, thyroid gland, trachea, oesophagus
Lymph nodes

**carotid sheath

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3
Q

Post. triangle of the neck.
Boundaries (3)

A

Post. - Border SCM
Ant. - Border trapezius
Inf. - Middle 3rd of clavicle

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4
Q

Post. triangle of the neck.
Contents (4=2+1+4+1)

A

Nerves - Accessory nerve (XI), brachial plexus trunks
Vasc - EJV, subclavian vein, surascapular artery, subclavian vein (sometimes)
MSK - Splenius capitus, scalene muscles, prevertebral fascia, Inf. belly of omohyoid
Cervical LN’s

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5
Q

Axilla
Boundaries (6)

A

Ant. - Pec maj/min
Post. - Subscapularis, teres maj, lat dorsi
Med. - Serratus ant, upper 3 ribs
Lat. - Intertubercular groove of humerus
Apex - Convergence of first rib, scapula, clavicle
Floor - Suspensory ligament

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6
Q

Axilla
Contents (4)

A

Axillary vessels and branches
Axillary nodes
Cords of brachial plexus
Fat

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7
Q

Quadrangular space
Boundaries (4)

A

Sup. - Subscapularis
Inf. - Teres maj.
Med. - Long head of triceps
Lat. - Humerus

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8
Q

Quadrangular space
Contents (1+1)

A

Axillary nerve
Posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein

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9
Q

Triangular space
Boundaries (3)

A

Sup. - Teres maj
Inf. - Long head of triceps
Lat. - Humerus

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10
Q

Triangular space
Contents (1+1)

A

Radial nerve
Profunda brachii

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11
Q

Carpal tunnel
Boundaries (2)

A

Flexor retinaculum
Carpal bones

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12
Q

Greater sciatic foramen contents (3=6(2)+3+1)
2 important nerves

A

*Nerves - *Sciatic, Sup glut vessels, inf glut vessels, nerve, *pudendal nerve, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, nerves to obturator internus and quadratus femoris
Vasc - Sup. glut vessels, Inf. glut vessels, Int. pudendal artery
MSK - piriformis

*Most branches of sacral plexus

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13
Q

Lesser sciatic foramen
Boundaries (2)

A

Lesser sciatic notch
Sacrospinous/tuberous ligaments

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14
Q

Lesser sciatic foramen
Contents (3)

A

Tendon of obturator internus
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal nerve

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15
Q

Femoral triangle
Boundaries (5)

A

Sup. - Inguinal ligament
Lat. - Sartorius
Med. - Adductor longus
Floor - Iliopsoas, adductor longus
Roof - fascia lata

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16
Q

Ant. triangle of neck
Smaller triangles (4)

A

Submandibular (digastric)
Submental
Carotid
Muscular (omotracheal) triangle

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16
Q

Contents of the carotid sheath (3)

A

Common carotid
IJV
Vagus nerve (X)

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17
Q

Anatomical snuffbox
Boundaries (2)

A

Radial - EPB, APL
Ulnar - EPL

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17
Q

Anatomical snuffbox
Contents (3=2+2+1)

A

Vasc - Radial artery, cephalic vein
MSK - Scaphoid, trapezium
Nerve - Radial nerve

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18
Q

Carpal tunnel
Contents (9+1)

A

Tendons - 4 FlexDig Profundus, 4 FlexDig Superficialis, Flexor policis longus
Nerve - Median nerve

19
Q

Greater sciatic foramen
Boundaries (2)

A

Greater sciatic notch
Sacrospinous/tuberous ligaments

19
Q

Femoral triangle
Boundaries (5)

A

Sup. - Inguinal ligament
Lat. - Sartorius

20
Q

Femoral triangle
Contents (2)

A

Femoral Nerve and terminal branches
Femoral sheath
- Femoral artery
- Femoral vein and proximal tributaries i.e. Great saph, profunda femoris
- Deep inguinal lymph nodes and vessels

21
Q

Ant. triangle of neck
Smaller triangles (4)

A

Submandibular (digastric)
Submental
Carotid
Muscular (omotracheal) triangle

21
Q

Contents of the carotid sheath (3)

A

Common carotid
IJV
Vagus nerve (X)

22
Q

Adductor canal
Contents (2+2)

A

Vasc - Femoral artery, femoral vein
Nerve - Saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

22
Q

Adductor canal
Boundaries (4)

A

Lat. - Vastus medialis
Med. - Adductor longus/magnus
Roof - Subsartorial plexus
Floor - Adductor magnus

22
Q

Layers for chest drain (8)

A

Skin
Fat
Deep fascia
Serratus anterior
External intercostal
Internal intercostal
Innermost intercostal
Parietal pleura

4th/5th intercostal space, mid axillary line

22
Q

Vertebral landmarks C4

A

Bifurcation of common carotid

22
Q

Layers for lumbar puncture (8)

A

Skin
Fat
Deep fascia
Supraspinous ligament
Interspinous ligament
Ligamentum flavum
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater

22
Q

Popliteal fossa
Contents (3=2+3+2)

A

Vasc - Popliteal vessels, short saphenous vein
Nerves - Tibial nerve, common peroneal nerve, sural nerve
Lymph nodes and fat

22
Q

Vertebral landmarks C3

A

Hyoid bone

23
Q

Popliteal fossa
Boundaries (5)

A

Sup. Lateral - Biceps femoris
Sup. Medial - Semitendinosus/membranosus
Inf. Med/Lat - heads of gastrocnemius
Floor - Posterior capsule of knee, popliteus
Roof - fascia

23
Q

Layers for surgical airway - tracheostomy (8)

A

Skin
Subcut. fat
Platysma
Investing layer of cervical fascia
Strap muscles
Pre-tracheal fascia
Isthmus of the thyroid
Trachea

24
Q

Vertebral landmarks C6 (3)

A

Cricoid cartilage
Start of trachea
Vertebral art. enters transversarium

24
Q

Vertebral landmarks T3/4 (2)

A

Top of aortic arch
Manubrium

24
Q

Vertebral landmarks T8 (2)

A

Diaphragm opening for:
IVC
R phrenic nerve

25
Q

Vertebral landmarks L1 (8)

A

Transpyloric plane
End of spinal cord
Pylorus
2nd part of duodenum
Neck of pancreas
Portal vein
Hila of kidneys
SMA origin

25
Q

Vertebral landmarks T10 (3)

A

Diaphragm opening for:
Oesophagus
Vagi
L gastric vessel

26
Q

Vertebral landmarks T4/5 (2)

A

Angle of Louis
Bifurcation of trachea

26
Q

Vertebral landmarks T12 (4)

A

Diaphragm opening for:
Aorta
Azygous/hemiazygous veins
Thoracic duct
Coeliac axis

26
Q

Vertebral landmarks L1/2

A

Origin of renal arteries

27
Q

Vertebral landmarks L4

A

Bifurcation of aorta

27
Q

Vertebral landmarks L3

A

Origin of IMA

28
Q

Vertebral landmarks L5

A

Formation of IVC

29
Q

Ant. triangle of neck
Smaller triangles (4)

A

Submandibular (digastric)
Submental
Carotid
Muscular (omotracheal) triangle

29
Q

Contents of the carotid sheath (3)

A

Common carotid
IJV
Vagus nerve (X)

30
Q

Contents of the carotid sheath (3)

A

Common carotid
IJV
Vagus nerve (X)

31
Q

Ant. triangle of neck
Smaller triangles (4)

A

Submandibular (digastric)
Submental
Carotid
Muscular (omotracheal) triangle

ACEM (2 decks)

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