Anatomy I Final Exam Flashcards
1
Q
Anatomy
A
Study of structure
2
Q
Physiology
A
Study of function
3
Q
Levels of Organization
A
- Subatomic particles - electrons, protons, neutrons, etc.
- Atoms - hydrogen atom
- Molecules - H2O molecules
- Macromolecule - DNA molecule
- Organelle - mitochondria
- Cell - nerve cell
- Tissue - epithelia, connective, etc.
- Organ - skin, heart, lungs, etc.
- Organ system - circulatory, cardiovascular, etc.
- Organism - human
4
Q
Characteristics of Life
A
- Movement - change in position
- Responsiveness - reaction to change
- Growth - increase in body size
- Reproduction - production of new organisms
- Respiration - obtaining O2, removing CO2
5
Q
Requirements of Life
A
- Water - required for several metabolic processes; transports substances; regulates body temp
- Food - provides energy
- Oxygen - used to drive metabolic processes
- Heat - controls how fast or slow chemical reactions take place
- Pressure - plays an important role in breathing, keeps blood flowing through blood vessels.
6
Q
Homeostasis
A
Maintenance of the internal environment of the body within the normal range
7
Q
Homeostatic Mechanism
A
A self regulating control system. (Negative feedback system)
System has:
- Receptors: provide information about stimuli
- Control Center (set point): stimuli is compared here to determine change
- Effectors (muscles or glands): cause responses that alter conditions caused by the stimuli
- Response: change is corrected
8
Q
Matter
A
Anything that takes up space and has mass; composed of elements
9
Q
Element
A
Composed of chemically identical atoms
10
Q
Atoms
A
Smallest particle of an element; composed of subatomic particles
11
Q
Ions
A
Gained or lost 1 or more electrons
12
Q
Molecule
A
Formed by chemical union of 2 or more atoms
13
Q
Isotopes
A
Atoms with same atomic # but different mass #
14
Q
Covalent Bond
A
Formed when atoms share electrons
15
Q
Ionic Bonds
A
Attraction between an anion and cation
