Anatomy I - Exam 3 - Review Questions Flashcards by Aaron Keith

Anterior sacral foramina allow the passage of which of the following?

A. Dorsal rami of sacral spinal nerves

B. Ventral rami of sacral spinal nerves

C. The lower thoracic nerves via the cauda equina

D. The upper lumbar nerves via the cauda equina

B. Ventral rami of sacral spinal nerve

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The typical thoracic vertebra includes all of the following components except:

A. A heart-shaped body

B. Inferior articular facets

C. Superior costal demifacets

D. Transverse foramina

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The sacral promontory is formed by which of the following?

A. The centrum of L1

B. The spinous process of L1

C. The centrum of S1

D. The spinous process of S2

C. The centrum of S1

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Which of the following ligaments extends along the roof of the neural canal?

A. Anterior longitudinal ligament

B. Posterior longitudinal ligament

C. Ligamentum flavum

D. Supraspinous ligament

C. Ligamentum flavum

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Transverse foramina are characteristic of which of the following?

A. All cervical

B. Only the first six cervical

C. All cervical vertebrae plus the first thoracic vertebra

D. Only cervical vertebrae 2-7

A. All cervical

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Which of the following is a correct statement regarding vertebrae?

A. Transverse processes arise from the vertebra at the intersection of the lamina and the pedicle.

B. The spinous process of a vertebra arises from the inersection of the two pedicles

C. Mammillary bodies are associated with the anterior articulating processes of the lower thoracic vertebrae.

D. The articular facets of the typical thoracic vertebrae are organized in a sagittal plane.

A. Transverse processes arise from the vertebra at the intersection of the lamina and the pedicle.

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How many cervical vertebrae are present in the human vertebral column?

A. Five

B. Six

C. Seven

D. As many as you want

C. Seven

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An exaggeration of a secondary vertebral column curve is characterized by which of the following?

A. Mostly occurs in the thoracic region

B. Is referred to as (hyper-) kyphosis

C. Mostly occurs in the cervical region

D. Is referred to as (hyper-) lordosis

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In the cervical region which of the following ligaments is referred to as the ligamentum nuchae?

A. Anterior longitudinal ligament

B. Posterior longitudinal ligament

C. Ligamentum flavum

D. Supraspinous ligament

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The anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column has which of the following characteristics?

A. It anchors the emerging spinal nerves in place

B. It limits the direction of nucleus pulposus extrusion during disk herniation

C. It narrows anteriorly to the intervertebral disc

D. It limits flexion.

B. It limits the direction of nucleus pulposus extrusion during disk herniation

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Which of the following statements characterizes the denticulate ligaments?

A. They are found in the oral cavity and are part of the gomphoses.

B. They attach the serratus anterior to the ribs.

C. They help to stabilize the spinal cord.

D. They extend between the pia matter and the arachnoid layer.

C. They help to stabilize the spinal cord.

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The spinal cord proper ends at which of the following levels?

A. L5/S1

B. S5

C. L2

D. L4

C. L2

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How many pairs of cervical spinal nerves are present in the human?

A. Five

B. Six

C. Seven

D. Eight

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Which of the following spaces or membranes around the spinal cord is superficial to all the others listed?

A. Dura mater

B. Pia mater

C. Epidural space

D. Arachnoid layer

C. Epidural space

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Which of the following levels of the spinal cord form the cervical enlargement?

A. C1-C5

B. C3-C6

C. C3-T1

D. C5-T2

C. C3-T1

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Lateral horns of the spinal cord are found in which of the following regions?

A. Cervical through upper sacral

B. Lower cervical through the upper lumbar

C. Upper cervical through the lower thoracic

D. Thoracic through the upper lumbar

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Cell bodies of the alpha motor neurons originate from which of the following regions of the spinal cord?

A. Posterior columns

B. Lateral columns

C. Lateral horns

D. Anterior horns

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Which of the following characteristics is NOT characteristic of autonomic preganglionic neurons?

A. Always myelinated

B. Originate from ganglia

C. Utilize acetylcholine

D. Synapse in ganglia

B. Originate from ganglia

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The stellate ganglion is formed from which of the following fused ganglia?

A. All three cervical plus T1

B. T1 through T5

C. Middle and inferior cervical plus T1

D. Inferior cervical plus T1

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Splachnic nerves are composed of preganglionic fibers and visceral sensory fibers. They supply abdominal viscera. The greater splanchnic nerve synapses in which of the following regions?

A. Wall of upper GI tract

B. Aorticorenal ganglion

C. Celiac ganglion

D. Superior mesenteric ganglion

C. Celiac ganglion

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The parasympathetic supply to the thoracic cavity is via which of the following?

A. Paravertebral chain ganglion pairs T1-T5

B. Splachnic nerves

C. Vagus nerves

D. Stellate ganglion

C. Vagus nerves

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The medial arcuate ligaments of the diaphragm form the lumbocostal arches and anteriorly cross which of the following muscles?

A. Latissimus dorsi

B. Quadratus lumborum

C. Psoas major

D. Transversus thoracis

C. Psoas major

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The vagus nerve passes through the diaphragm at which vertebral level?

A. T6

B . T8

C. T10

D. T12

C. T10

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The aortic opening of the diaphragm is located at which vertebral level?

A. T6

B. T8

C. T10

D. T12

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Which of the following structures is/are found in both the superior and the inferior mediastinum? ## Footnote A. Thymus B. Vagus nerve C. Heart D. Trachea E. Phrenic nerves

A. Thymus

The heart is found in which of the following locations? ## Footnote A. Anterior superior mediastinum B. Middle superior mediastinum C. Anterior inferior mediastinum D. Middle inferior mediastinum E. Posterior inferior mediastinum

D. Middle inferior mediastinum

Which of the following structures would NOT be found in the superior mediastinum? ## Footnote A. Esophagus B. Azygos vein C. Vagus nerve D. Thymus E. Trachea

B. Azygos vein

In aspirating material from the right costodiaphragmatic recess, care must be taken to not penetrate which of the following? ## Footnote A. Spleen B. The lower lobe of the right lung C. The middle lobe of the right lung D. The liver E. The right ventricle of the heart

D. The liver

Which of the following lobes would not be found in the right lung? ## Footnote A. Upper (superior) B. Middle C. Lower (inferior) D. Lingula

D. Lingula

A. Pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the left atrium and are intersegmental.

Which level of the tracheobronchial tree branchings supply bronchopulmonary segments. ## Footnote A. Primary bronchi B. Secondary bronchi C. Tertiary bronchi D. Respiratory bronchioles E. Terminal bronchioles

C. Tertiary bronchi

C. Bronchial arteries supplying the right lung are branches off the thoracic aorta.

Which of the following structures lies anterior to the arch of the aorta? ## Footnote A. Left primary bronchus B. Left recurrect laryngeal nerve C. Left phrenic nerve D. Trachea

C. Left phrenic nerve

The posterior descending artery is a branch of the right coronary artery. ## Footnote A. True B. False

A. True

Arteries supplying the AV and SA nodes are branches from the right coronary artery. ## Footnote A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following is normally NOT a direct branch off the aortic arch? ## Footnote A. Brachiocephalic B. Left common carotid C. Left subclavian D. Right subclavian

D. Right subclavian

Which of the following veins is involved in draining the left posterior intercostal spaces? ## Footnote A. Left internal thoracic B. Azygos vein C. Hemiazygos vein D. Lateral thoracic vein

C. Hemiazygos vein

Which of the following structures would NOT be found in both the left and right ventricles? ## Footnote A. Papillary muscles B. Moderator band C. Chordae tendinae D. Trabeculae carnae

B. Moderator band

Which of the following represents the proximal attachment of the inguinal ligament? ## Footnote A. ASIS B. AIIS C. Greater trochanter D. Intertrochanteric crest E. Pubic tubercle

A. ASIS

The deep inguinal ring is formed by an evagination of the fascia of which of the following muscles? ## Footnote A. Transversus B. Internal oblique C. External oblique D. Sartorius E. Rectus femoris

A. Transversus

The inguinal ligament is attached to the ASIS and the pubic tubercle and is the inferior border of the aponeurosis of which of the following muscles? ## Footnote A. Transversus B. Internal oblique C. External oblique D. Sartorius E. Rectus femoris

C. External oblique

Remnants of the umbilical arteries are associated with which of the following landmarks on the posterior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall? ## Footnote A. Falciform ligament B. Medial umbilical folds C. Median umbilical folds D. Lateral umbilical folds E. Ligamentum teres

B. Medial umbilical folds

Which of the following "ligaments" extends from the umbilicus to the liver? ## Footnote A. Lesser omentum B. Ligamentum teres C. Falciform D. Greater omentum E. Epiploic

C. Falciform or B. Ligamentum teres

The ligamentum teres hepatis is enclosed within which of the following ligaments? ## Footnote A. Gastrosplenic ligament B. Gastrohepatic ligament C. Hepatoduodenal ligament D. Falciform ligament E. Coronary ligament

D. Falciform ligament

When full, the urinary bladder would be found in which of the following regions of the abdomen? ## Footnote A. Right hypochondriac B. Epigastric C. Hypogastric D. Right lateral

C. Hypogastric