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Semester 3 > Anatomy (head and neck) > Flashcards

Anatomy (head and neck) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the outer meningeal layer?

A

Dura mater

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2
Q

What is the middle meningeal layer?

A

Arachnoid mater

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3
Q

What is the inner meningeal layer?

A

Pia mater

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4
Q

The dura mater has two layers. The outer layer is attached to the skull and is called the …..

A

endosteal/ periosteal layer

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5
Q

The dura mater has two layers. The inner layer surrounds the brain and is called the …..

A

meningeal layer

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6
Q

Folds in the dura mater form

A

dural reflections

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7
Q

The dural reflection in the longitudinal fissure is the

A

Falx cerebri

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8
Q

The dural reflection continuous with the falx cerebri and separating the occipital lobe from the cerebellum is the

A

Tentorium cerebelli

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9
Q

The dural reflection below the tentorium cerebelli and which joins to the occipital crest is the

A

Falx cerebelli

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10
Q

The dural reflection called the diaphragm sellae covers which gland in the hypophysial fossa?

A

Pituitary gland

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11
Q

Which artery is the main blood supply to the dura mater?

A

Middle meningeal artery

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12
Q

The middle meningeal artery enters the skull through which skull foramen?

A

Foramen spinosum

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13
Q

The anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery runs beneath which significant bone structure?

A

Pteryion

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14
Q

The pteryion is a weak point of the skull where which 4 bones join?

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid

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15
Q

The middle meningeal artery arises from which significant artery?

A

External carotid artery

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16
Q

The dura mater has a small blood supply from which 3 arteries?

A

ophthalmic, vertebral, occipital

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17
Q

Venous drainage of the dura mater is from which main veins?

A

Middle meningeal veins

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18
Q

The middle meningeal veins drain into which plexus?

A

Pterygoid venous plexus

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19
Q

Stimulation of stretch receptors of dura mater lead to what sensation?

A

Headache

20
Q

The space between the dura and arachnoid mater is called what?

A

Subdural space

21
Q

The arachnoid and pia mater are collectively called what?

A

Leptomeninx

22
Q

The space between the arachnoid and pia mater is called what?

A

Subarachnoid space

23
Q

The subarachnoid space contains what fluid?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

24
Q

The connective tissue from the arachnoid mater forms what?

A

Trabeculae

25
Q

The spinal dura mater is innervated by which nerves?

A

Recurrent meningeal nerves

26
Q

The space between the vertebral canal and the dura mater is called what?

A

Epidural space

27
Q

Inferior to the conus medullaris, the pia mater continues as what?

A

Filum terminale

28
Q

Spinal cord terminates at what vertebral level?

A

L1

29
Q

The spinal dura, arachnoid and subarachnoid space continue to which vertebral level?

A

S2

30
Q

The cauda equina is present below which vertebral level?

A

S2

31
Q

A lumbar puncture should be performed safely below which vertebral level?

A

L3

32
Q

Which of the ventricles of the brain are the largest?

A

Lateral ventricles

33
Q

Which structures connect the lateral and third ventricles?

A

interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro)

34
Q

Which structure connects the third and fourth ventricles?

A

Cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius)

35
Q

The median aperture (foramen of Magendie) connects the fourth ventricle to what?

A

Cistern magna of subarachnoid space

36
Q

The lateral aperture (foramen of Lushka) connects the lateral ventricles to what?

A

Cerebellopontine angle of subarachnoid space

37
Q

CSF is produced in the ventricles by which cells?

A

Choroidal epithelial cells

38
Q

CSF is returned to the venous system by what that project into dural venous sinuses?

A

Arachnoid villi

39
Q

Movement of CSF into dural venous sinuses is promoted by which structures?

A

Arachnoid granulations

40
Q

What are found at the sites of attachment of dural reflections?

A

Dural venous sinuses

41
Q

Dural venous sinuses eventually drain into which vein?

A

Internal jugular vein

42
Q

The cavernous sinus contains which artery?

A

Internal carotid artery

43
Q

The cavernous sinus contains which 5 nerves?

A

CN III (occulomotor), CN IV (trochlear), CN V(1) (ophthalmic), CN V(2) (maxillary), CN VI (abducens)

44
Q

The internal carotid artery enters the skull through which foramen of the skull?

A

Carotid canal

45
Q

The vertebral artery enters the skull through which foramen of the skull?

A

Foramen magnum

46
Q

The vertebral artery travels from the subclavian artery to the skull through which structures?

A

Transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae

Semester 3 (16 decks)

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