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Anatomy Foundations Obj. 08/11/17 > Anatomy Foundations Obj. 08/11/17 > Flashcards

Anatomy Foundations Obj. 08/11/17 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

Head and face forward, limbs at the side with palms facing forward, and lower limbs close together w/ feet and toes forward

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2
Q

Median

A

Divides the body into left and right halves

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3
Q

Sagittal

A

Vertical planes parallel to median

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4
Q

Frontal

A

Dividing the body into a front and back

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5
Q

Transverse

A

Dividing the body into upper and lower parts

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6
Q

Superior

A

Moving up towards head

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7
Q

Inferior

A

Moving down towards feet

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8
Q

Anterior

A

Towards front

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9
Q

Posterior

A

Towards back

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10
Q

Medial

A

Towards median plane

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11
Q

Lateral

A

Away from median plane

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12
Q

Proximal

A

Towards center of attach

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13
Q

Distal

A

Further from center of attachment

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14
Q

Flexion

A

Decreasing angle between parts

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15
Q

Extension

A

Increasing angle between parts

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16
Q

Abduction

A

Moving away from median plane

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17
Q

Adduction

A

Moving towards median plane

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18
Q

Rotation

A

Moving limb around long axis (medial or lateral)

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19
Q

Circumduction

A

Circular movement of limbs

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20
Q

Pronation

A

Medial rotation so dorsum is anterior

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21
Q

Supination

A

Palms anterior (anatomical position)

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22
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Toes to the ground

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23
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Toes in the air

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24
Q

Inversion

A

Turning sole of foot in

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25
Q

Eversion

A

Turning sole of foot out

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26
Q

Elevation

A

Lifting a part

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27
Q

Depression

A

Lowering a part

28
Q

Protrusion

A

Pushing jaw anteriorly

29
Q

Retraction

A

Pulling jaw posteriorly

30
Q

What is the integumentary system

A

Skin - largest organ

31
Q

What are its 4 layers?

A
  1. Epidermis
  2. Dermis
  3. Subcutaneous Tissue
  4. Deep Fascia
32
Q

Is the epidermis avascular? What does that mean? Does the outermost layer continually shed?

A

Yes. It lacks blood vessels. And yes.

33
Q

What structural protein is found in the dermis? What does it cause?

A

Collagen; wrinkles and tension lines

34
Q

What are stretchmarks?

A

Collagen fibers damaged by overstretching

35
Q

What kind of follicles does collagen contain?

A

Hair follicles with arrector muscles

36
Q

What do arrector muscles do?

A

Help hairs to stand (goosebumps)

37
Q

What do the hair help to do?

A

Secrete oils from sebaceous glands

38
Q

What is another name for subcutaneous tissue?

A

Superficial fascia

39
Q

What does the sub contain?

A

Loose connective tissue and fat

40
Q

Subcutaneous tissue is the base of what?

A

Sebaceous glands, vessels, and cutaneous nerves

41
Q

What is the deep fascia? Is it present throughout the body?

A

Connective tissue without fat; Yes

42
Q

What 5 things does the deep fascia contain?

A
  1. Retinacula
  2. Intermuscular septa
  3. Investing fascia
  4. Bursae
  5. Subserous fascia
43
Q

Retinacula

A

Deep fascia holding tendons in place

44
Q

Intermucscular Septa

A

Deep fascia dividing muscles

45
Q

Investing Fascia

A

Deep fascia surround structures

46
Q

Bursae

A

Deep fascial sacs containing fluid to aid motion

47
Q

Subserous Fascia

A

Deep fascia between body cavities and musculoskeletal walls

48
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle?

A
  1. Skeletal muscle
  2. Cardiac striated muscle
  3. Smooth muscle
49
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Moves bones and other structures

50
Q

Cardiac Striated Muscle

A

Most of walls of the heart and part of great vessels

51
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Walls of most vessels and some organs

52
Q

What are the head and belly for skeletal muscle?

A

Contractile fleshy part

53
Q

What are tendons? (aponeuroses)

A

Nonconctractile white part

54
Q

Is there a trade off of power during muscle contraction

A

Yes

55
Q

Muscle function is linked to what 3 things?

A
  1. Orientation of the muscle
  2. Join it crosses
  3. Position compared to joint it crosses
56
Q

What is the articular system

A

Joints

57
Q

What are 3 types of joints?

A
  1. Fibrous joints
  2. Cartilaginous joins
  3. Synovial joints
58
Q

Fibrous joints

A

Unite bones by fibrous tissue

59
Q

Where can fibrous joints be found for example?

A

Bones of cranium

60
Q

Cartilaginous joins

A

Unite bones by hyaline cartilage

61
Q

Where can cartilaginous joints be found?

A

Vertebral column

62
Q

Synovial Joints

A

Unite bones w/ potenial space and synovial fluid

63
Q

Where is a synovial joint found?

A

Knee

64
Q

What does the lymphatic system do?

A

Drains excess fluids, infectious materials, and debris

65
Q

What can happen in the lymphatic system that makes it extremely important?

A

Metastasis of cancer

Anatomy Foundations Obj. 08/11/17 (1 decks)

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