Anatomy Chapter 2 Flashcards
Cellular energy
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
A substance that liberates hydrogen ions when in an aqueous solution.
Acid
Proton acceptor
Base
Organic compound composed of carbon , hydrogen, and oxygen; includes starches, sugars, cellulose
Carbohydrate
Process in which molecules are formed stored in the bonds of chemicals
Chemical reaction
Substance composed of two or more elements, the atoms of which are chemically united.
Compound
A bond involving the sharing of electrons between atoms
Covalent bond
A destructive chemical reaction in which complex substances are broken down into simpler ones.
Decomposition reaction
A substance that breaks down into ions when in solution and is capable of conducting an electric current.
Electrolyte
The ability to do work
Energy
A substance formed by living cells that acts as a catalyst in bodily chemical reactions.
Enzymes
A chemical reaction in which bonds are both made and broken; atoms become combined with different atoms
Exchange Reaction
Weak bond in which a hydrogen atom forms a bridge between town electron-hungry atoms. An important Intramolecular bond.
Hydrogen bond
A compound that lack carbon; ex. Water
Inorganic compound
Different atomic form of the same element. Isotopes vary only in the number of neutrons they contain.
Isotope
Organic compound formed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen;
Ex. Fats and cholesterol
Lipid
Particle consisting of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
Molecule
Class of organic molecules that includes DNA and RNA
Nuclei Acid
A compound containing carbon; ex. Proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
Organic compound
The symbol for hydrogen ion concentration; a measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution
pH
A complex nitrogenous substance
Protein
The process of spontaneous decay seen in some of the heavier isotopes, during which particles or energy is emitted from the atomic nucleus.
Radioactivity
Isotope that exhibits radioactive behavior
Radioisotope
Ionic compound that dissociates into charged particles (other than hydrogen or hydroxyl ions) when dissolved in water.
Salt
Chemical reaction in which larger molecules are formed from simpler ones.
Synthesis
The outermost energy level of an atom that contains electrons.
Valence shell
