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Anatomy Chapters 1 and 2 > Anatomy Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

If a bullet were to penetrate a lung, which layer of the serous membrane would it encounter first?

A

pariental pleura

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2
Q

Cancer cells can be characterized as “generic” cells that perform no specialized body function. Thus cancer cells lack _____.

A

differentiation

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3
Q

Which term describes a part that is closet to the point of attachment fo the trunk?

A

proximal

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4
Q

What is the correct anatomical position>

A

head is level with eyes looking forward
subject is standing upright with feet parallel
arms are at either side of the body

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5
Q

Which element of a control system detects a change?

A

receptor

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6
Q

The state in which an organism maintains a constant internal environment is called _____.

A

homeostasis

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7
Q

Tissues can be best described as _____.

A

precise organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions

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8
Q

What are the four survival needs?

A

nutrients
water
body temperature
oxygen

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9
Q

The study of the structure and relationships of large body parts that are visible without a microscope is termed macroscopic or gross _____.

A

anatomy

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10
Q

What are the three basic properties or features of all organisms?

A

organization
metabolism
reproduction

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11
Q

Sweat glans are in the _____ system.

A

integumentary

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12
Q

Tendons are in the _____ system.

A

muscle

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13
Q

The thyroid gland is in the _____ system.

A

endocrine

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14
Q

The tonsils are in the _____ and _____ system.

A

lymphatic

immune

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15
Q

The liver is in the _____ system.

A

digestive

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16
Q

The heart is in the _____ system.

A

cardiovascular

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17
Q

The vas deferens are in the _____ system.

A

reproductive (male)

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18
Q

The brain is in the _____ system.

A

nervous

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19
Q

The uterus is in the _____ system.

A

reproductive (female)

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20
Q

Which anatomic plane divides the body into matching left and right sides?

A

midsogittal plane

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21
Q

Which organ system controls body movement and responds to sensory stimuli?

A

nervous

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22
Q

Which medical imaging technique uses modified x-rays to prepare three-dimensional cross-sectional “slices” of the body?

A

CT scan

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23
Q

List three examples of a normal physiologic process that uses a positive feedback loop?

A

regulation of fluid balance
temperature regulation
blood pressure regulation

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24
Q

After you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the distention (the stimulus) resulting from the food. The nerve cells relay this information to _____.

A

control center

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25
Q

The stomach, liver, intestines, bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs are housed in which body cavity?

A

abdominopelvic

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26
Q

Where is the tarsal located?

A

foot

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27
Q

Where is the orbital located?

A

head (socket where the eye resides)

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28
Q

Where is the femoral?

A

lower leg

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29
Q

Where is the lumbar?

A

lower back

30
Q

Where is the acromial located?

A

shoulder

31
Q

All classes of nutrients are essential to _____.

A

human survival

32
Q

Give the correct description or function of the temperature receptors in the skin when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.

A

sensory receptor

33
Q

Give the correct description or function of the when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.

A

hypothalamus

34
Q

Give the correct description or function of the blood vessels when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.

A

effector

35
Q

Give the correct description when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.

A

stimulus

36
Q

The spleen is in the _____ system.

A

lymphatic and immune system

37
Q

Bones are in the _____ system.

A

skeletal

38
Q

The bladder is in the _____ system,

A

urinary

39
Q

The testes are in the _____ system.

A

male reproductive

40
Q

The ovaries are in the _____ system.

A

female reproductive

41
Q

The brain is in the _____ system.

A

nervous

42
Q

The skin is in the _____ system.

A

integumentary

43
Q

The large and small intestines are in the _____ system.

A

digestive

44
Q

The pituitary gland is in the _____ system.

A

endocrine

45
Q

The muscles are in the _____ system.

A

muscular

46
Q

The lungs are in the _____ system.

A

respiratory

47
Q

The heart is in the _____ system.

A

cardiovascular

48
Q

List three serous cavities.

A

pleural cavity
peritoneal cavity
pericardial cavity

49
Q

_____ is the science that studies the chemistry, biochemistry, and physics of the body’s functions.

A

Physiology

50
Q

An _____ is a functionally distinct structure composed of two or more types of tissues.

A

organ

51
Q

_____ is the ideal value for a physiological parameter.

A

set point

52
Q

The _____ is the smallest independently functioning unit of all organisms.

A

cell

53
Q

_____ is the sum of all of the body’s chemical reactions.

A

metabolism

54
Q

The _____ system delivers gametes to the female.

A

male reproductive system

55
Q

The _____ removes waste from the blood.

A

urinary system

56
Q

The _____ supports embryo/fetus until birth.

A

female reproductive system

57
Q

The _____ produces blood cells

A

skeletal system

58
Q

The _____ system absorbs nutrients.

A

digestive system

59
Q

The _____ system produces body heat.

A

muscular system

60
Q

The _____ system transports materials throughout the body.

A

cardiovascular system

61
Q

The _____ system detects sensation, interprets information, and communicates with cell through electrical.

A

nervous

62
Q

The _____ system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air.

A

respiratory system

63
Q

The _____ system produces vitamin D.

A

integumentary system

64
Q

The _____ system secretes hormones.

A

endocrine system

65
Q

The _____ system maintains tissue fluid balance.

A

lymphatic and immune system

66
Q

What is the set point for normal human body temperature.

A

98.6

67
Q

What is the acronym for computed tomography?

A

CT

68
Q

What is the acronym for positron emission tomography?

A

PET scan

69
Q

Organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movement, and development are all _____,

A

characteristics of human life

70
Q

What is the acronym for magnetic resonance imaging?

A

MRI

Anatomy Chapters 1 and 2 (2 decks)

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