Anatomy Chapter 1 Flashcards
If a bullet were to penetrate a lung, which layer of the serous membrane would it encounter first?
pariental pleura
Cancer cells can be characterized as “generic” cells that perform no specialized body function. Thus cancer cells lack _____.
differentiation
Which term describes a part that is closet to the point of attachment fo the trunk?
proximal
What is the correct anatomical position>
head is level with eyes looking forward
subject is standing upright with feet parallel
arms are at either side of the body
Which element of a control system detects a change?
receptor
The state in which an organism maintains a constant internal environment is called _____.
homeostasis
Tissues can be best described as _____.
precise organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions
What are the four survival needs?
nutrients
water
body temperature
oxygen
The study of the structure and relationships of large body parts that are visible without a microscope is termed macroscopic or gross _____.
anatomy
What are the three basic properties or features of all organisms?
organization
metabolism
reproduction
Sweat glans are in the _____ system.
integumentary
Tendons are in the _____ system.
muscle
The thyroid gland is in the _____ system.
endocrine
The tonsils are in the _____ and _____ system.
lymphatic
immune
The liver is in the _____ system.
digestive
The heart is in the _____ system.
cardiovascular
The vas deferens are in the _____ system.
reproductive (male)
The brain is in the _____ system.
nervous
The uterus is in the _____ system.
reproductive (female)
Which anatomic plane divides the body into matching left and right sides?
midsogittal plane
Which organ system controls body movement and responds to sensory stimuli?
nervous
Which medical imaging technique uses modified x-rays to prepare three-dimensional cross-sectional “slices” of the body?
CT scan
List three examples of a normal physiologic process that uses a positive feedback loop?
regulation of fluid balance
temperature regulation
blood pressure regulation
After you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the distention (the stimulus) resulting from the food. The nerve cells relay this information to _____.
control center
The stomach, liver, intestines, bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs are housed in which body cavity?
abdominopelvic
Where is the tarsal located?
foot
Where is the orbital located?
head (socket where the eye resides)
Where is the femoral?
lower leg
Where is the lumbar?
lower back
Where is the acromial located?
shoulder
All classes of nutrients are essential to _____.
human survival
Give the correct description or function of the temperature receptors in the skin when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.
sensory receptor
Give the correct description or function of the when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.
hypothalamus
Give the correct description or function of the blood vessels when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.
effector
Give the correct description when a person is experiencing increased body temperature.
stimulus
The spleen is in the _____ system.
lymphatic and immune system
Bones are in the _____ system.
skeletal
The bladder is in the _____ system,
urinary
The testes are in the _____ system.
male reproductive
The ovaries are in the _____ system.
female reproductive
The brain is in the _____ system.
nervous
The skin is in the _____ system.
integumentary
The large and small intestines are in the _____ system.
digestive
The pituitary gland is in the _____ system.
endocrine
The muscles are in the _____ system.
muscular
The lungs are in the _____ system.
respiratory
The heart is in the _____ system.
cardiovascular
List three serous cavities.
pleural cavity
peritoneal cavity
pericardial cavity
_____ is the science that studies the chemistry, biochemistry, and physics of the body’s functions.
Physiology
An _____ is a functionally distinct structure composed of two or more types of tissues.
organ
_____ is the ideal value for a physiological parameter.
set point
The _____ is the smallest independently functioning unit of all organisms.
cell
_____ is the sum of all of the body’s chemical reactions.
metabolism
The _____ system delivers gametes to the female.
male reproductive system
The _____ removes waste from the blood.
urinary system
The _____ supports embryo/fetus until birth.
female reproductive system
The _____ produces blood cells
skeletal system
The _____ system absorbs nutrients.
digestive system
The _____ system produces body heat.
muscular system
The _____ system transports materials throughout the body.
cardiovascular system
The _____ system detects sensation, interprets information, and communicates with cell through electrical.
nervous
The _____ system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air.
respiratory system
The _____ system produces vitamin D.
integumentary system
The _____ system secretes hormones.
endocrine system
The _____ system maintains tissue fluid balance.
lymphatic and immune system
What is the set point for normal human body temperature.
98.6
What is the acronym for computed tomography?
CT
What is the acronym for positron emission tomography?
PET scan
Organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movement, and development are all _____,
characteristics of human life
What is the acronym for magnetic resonance imaging?
MRI
